A Glorious Union or America: the New Sparta

Lincoln can veto what Congress passes, and the veto can be over-ridden same as now. The reality is that OTL Lincoln had to walk a fine line as if he went too "conservative" the radical republicans would hold hostage other programs he might be interested in. Given both the greater black participation in the Union war effort and the greater level of CSA atrocities against black troops, it is inevitable that Reconstruction will be harsher here than OTL - which may not be a bad thing.
 
Remember that Kearny's view who places the blame solely with the confederates leaders. It is noted that this influences the Administration and considering how much popular support he has, likely influences the nation as well.
So we more likely see potentially consequences for some of the leaders of the confederacy(more for political leaders and military officers who are seen as 'butchers'). The everyday people and some military officers(to a lesser extent) would likely get off easier. Maybe just make a oath to the Union like in OTL. Though, I can still see some sort of punishment for mid to higher ranking officers(low ranking, not as much) depending on how 'honorable' they appear to the Union's eyes. Like if he was alive, Robert Lee(who only joined out of loyalty to his state and tried to fight honorably) may have been treated rather well for a General Officer.
 
I think Grant was a bit of a tool for others. If Hooker becomes president he may fall into the same category - especially if his best friend is still the crooked Dan Butterfield who tried to corner the gold market with Gould & Fisk as Assistant Secretary of the Treasury. Imagine if he was the Secretary under Hooker!

Scary !! Ive yet to see a TL where the Robber Barons went on a bigger rampage... I bet mister Irish has something good up his sleeve.
 
Chapter One Hundred and Six Marching Through The Carolinas Part III
Chapter One Hundred and Six

Marching Through The Carolinas

Part III


From “The North Carolina Campaign” by Thomas R. Yetters
Buffalo 2006

Reynolds ordered the Army of the Potomac south. The corps of Baldy Smith, Humphreys, Wallace and Stevens pressed Jackson’s rearguard, under Pender, through Greensboro and along the road to High Point. The corps of Hancock, Sickles and Williams pushed through the abandoned works at Salem and followed Anderson in the direction of Lexington…

On June 12, General Kearny directed elements of the II Corps to probe east beyond the railroad line and skirmished with Confederate cavalry near High Point at Archdale Farm as he sought Jackson’s flank. As Jackson’s troops filed to the right to extend their flank to meet Kearny’s probe a gap opened up between Anderson’s I Corps and Jackson’s II Corps near the centre of the line at Thomasville.

On the morning of June 13, while the II Corps continued its probe to the east, General Reynolds had the XII Corps under General Alpheus Williams probe the centre of the rebel line near Thomasville. Williams’ troops quickly gained a lodgment in the works. Anderson perceiving the threat had troops from Major General Cadmus Wilcox’s division counter the XII Corps’ advance. However on contact with the XII corps Wilcox’s troops began to entrench rather than advance. General Williams observed that the gap between the two Confederate corps was widening, as Jackson had not yet been informed of Anderson’s failure to close the gap, creating a prime target for an increased lodgment. Brigadier General John White Geary of Williams’ III Division spotted a ravine running parallel to the rebel works, near the Clodfelter farm, that could be used to hide the approach of a new Union attack column. At 3 pm, Geary's men emerged on the left flank of Wilcox’s division, catching them by surprise, and Wilcox's division quickly collapsed. The division of Brigadier General Daniels, which had erected further internal earthworks perpendicular to the main Confederate line of defence, was also surprised by an attack from the flank and many of the regiments ran for safety. General Anderson rallied these troops and retook their line of earthworks. Darkness ended the fighting but with a sizeable Union lodgment in the centre of the Confederate lines…

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A protégé of General Kearny, Thomas Egan, was an aggressive and determined fighter. He "bit off more than he could chew" (Sickles) at Thomasville.

On June 14, Reynolds deployed the III Corps to renew the attack and widen the breach in the rebels lines, but the Confederates had pulled back. Longstreet had again ordered Jackson to abandon his position. Jackson had retreated overnight along the Charlotte Pike behind the breached lines at Thomasville. Anderson would hold his position during the day to allow the retreat of the rebel right flank to be completed. Under direct orders from General Reynolds, (who no longer had any trust in Sickles ability to act independently) the III Corps sent out a heavy skirmish line after 10 am in an attempt to cut the Charlotte Pike. Men from Brigadier General Thomas Egan's Brigade actually reached the road when they were attacked by a larger force of Confederate infantry representing Jackson’s rearguard, again under the ever dependable Dorsey Pender. Many of Egan’s Brigade were taken prisoner despite a valiant, though isolated stand, and Jackson’s withdrawal was only briefly delayed when they were chased away. Reynolds realized from the reports that the opportunity to split the rebel army was lost and called off the operation. Union casualties were 3,962, Confederate 874. The battle was inconclusive, with advantages gained on both sides. The Confederates were able to remain united as a force, but the Union troops were able to push the rebels further south, crammed into the earthworks at Lexington…

In parallel to Williams’ action at Thomasville and Kearny’s probe towards Archdale, General Hancock was ordered by Reynolds to conduct a probe against Lexington to fix Longstreet’s and Anderson’s attention. Reynolds considered Hancock’s I Corps alone too small to take the position so he emphasized that this was a diversion effort only. Early on the morning of June 14, 3,600 men, and 24 guns organized into 4 batteries, all under General Stannard, departed Arnold Farm and began to move against the western portion of the Lexington earthworks, near the Odell-Owen House. Hancock retained the remainder of his corps, approximately 7,000 men, for his main probe against the central works at Lexington town itself.

Stannard proceeded along the bank of Swearing Creek, when he encountered skirmishers of Kemper’s brigade to the west of the Odell-Owen House. Surprisingly, and almost certainly without orders, Kemper’s brigade left their defensive works and struck the head of his column, forcing Brigadier Alexander Webb's brigade into line to fend them off. Stannard followed the withdrawing rebels back to their lines where a stiff action unfolded. Stannard managed to take elements of the works and had his pioneer companies focus on destroying ½ mile of works before they retreated in the face of rebel reinforcements. Hancock remained skirmishing along the Lexington front. General Doubleday captured a local farmer, Albert Varner, but even with his reluctant assistance Hancock could not identify a weak point in the Lexington lines sufficient to be worth ignoring his orders for a demonstration only…”

From “The War Between the States” by Otis R. Mayhew
Sword & Musket 1992

“With the whole army now concentrated at Lexington Longstreet became increasingly concerned at the idea of having the Yadkin River at his back. On June 16 he resolved to retreat from Lexington to a new position south of the Yadkin. He had already directed working parties to rebuild the Salisbury Bridge [destroyed during Custer’s raid on Salisbury and the prison camp there]. Salisbury had also been designated the last hub for supplies north of Charlotte…”

From “A Thunderbolt on the Battlefield – the Battles of Philip Kearny: Volume III” by Professor Kearny Bowes
MacArthur University Press 1962

“General Kearny had no intention of attempting a crossing of the Yadkin River in the face of a fast entrenching foe. He and General Reynolds agreed that he would lead the bulk of the Army of the Potomac in retracing its steps to Lexington. From there it would march westwards, crossing the Yadkin at Forest Lake Crossing, on to Mocksville and from there to Statesville. That would put the bulk of the army on the rebel side of the river and in a position where it could either attack Longstreet’s flank or cut the rebels off from Charlotte. Kearny would keep only Baldy Smith’s II Corps and Stevens’ IX Corps at the Salisbury Bridge where they themselves would dig in lest the rebels counterattack his weakened force…”

From “The Blue Eyed Prophet of War” by Robert Lee Thomas
Carlotta Press 1906

“General Jackson remained the aggressive spirit at the heart of the Army of Northern Virginia. While the army could easily hold the line of the Yadkin River at Salisbury he was acutely aware of the risks to the army’s flank. They simply could not hold the line of the whole river. It was Jackson who sought to strike back at the Federal invaders to keep them off balance. The Army of the Potomac was deep in Confederate territory. It appeared dependant on maintaining the rail connections with Virginia. Jackson therefore sought authority from Longstreet for General Stuart to be dispatched with the bulk of the cavalry corps on a raid, deep into the Federal rear, to sever its critical arteries of supply. Initially the more southerly crossing at Abermarle was considered for the raid, but the area was heavily forested and a small force operating to block the roads could easily hamper any raid. That route was close to the area in which General Peck’s Federal cavalry was beginning to scout and was ruled out. Instead Longstreet authorized to Stuart to take all but Hampton’s and Baker’s brigades, via Statesville to Yadkinville, giving the Federals a wide berth, before moving sharply east to attack Salem if it was vulnerable or the railroad lines if not. Stuart was eager to be at the enemy. The attacking spirit had not perished from the mounted arm of the Confederate service…”


Custer's division charges Robertson's cavalry at Mocksville

From “The North Carolina Campaign” by Thomas R. Yetters
Buffalo 2006

“In the Battle of Mocksville on June 27, Custer approached the village of Mocksville from the east expecting to find no opposition, or at worst a handful of militia, but found Confederate cavalry instead. Beverley Robertson's brigade blocking the approaches to Statesville. Robertson had gotten lost and against orders had taken a shorter route to Yadkinville that passed through Mocksville. Custer promptly attacked with elements of his own Wolverine Brigade of Michigan Cavalry (now under Russell A. Alger) along the Milling Road pushing Robertson out of the hamlet. Robertson briefly rallied his force and counterattacked against the flank of the Michiganders awhart the line of the Jericho Church Road. Robertson sent messengers urgently to find Stuart near Statesville to inform him of the presence of Union cavalry…

Robertson’s brigade had now retreated to a ridge west of Mocksville confusingly referred to as Greenhill. It was no hill but a small ridge running north south west of the village. The brigades of Colonels Sackett (formerly Pleasanton’s) and Russell A. Alger’s (formerly Custer’s) now maneuvered around the rebels to north and south, turning the Confederate right flank first…

Stuart alerted Fitzhugh Lee to move his own and Rooney Lee’s brigades of cavalry as well, to Robertson's relief. Lee found elements of Robertson’s brigade, half way between Statesville and Mocksville, retreating rapidly with Custer’s division hard on their heels. Custer was hit hard by the Lees but quickly dismounted his troopers behind some farm fencing to fight defensively from cover. Stuart’s arrival with Jones’ brigade would have turned the tide against Custer but at the same time Custer’s West Point class mate, Brigadier General Adelbert Ames, came up with his infantry. Ames’ brigade (of Bartlett’s II Division of Wallace’s IV Corps) was the leading formation of Reynolds’ flanking column. Stuart realized this was more than a cavalry raid by Custer. This movement had weight. He abandoned all thought of his own flanking raid and sent urgent gallopers to Longstreet and Jackson – “The Federals have crossed the Yadkin and are trying to flank the army…

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Brigadier General Adelbert Ames

From “The Blue Eyed Prophet of War” by Robert Lee Thomas
Carlotta Press 1906

“General Jackson pleaded with Longstreet to allow Jackson to meet this Federal thrust head on. Anderson could easily hold the entrenched positions at Salisbury Bridge and the nearby crossing with less than his whole corps. If Longstreet would but unleash Jackson a much needed victory could be won over part of the divided Federal army. Longstreet consented. He would remain with Anderson at the river until he was certain that no thrust was intended there. In the meantime Jackson was ordered to take his own corps as well as the divisions of Hood and Pickett from Anderson’s to meet the Federal attack…

It would be mid-afternoon on June 28 [over a day and a half since Custer and Robertson opened the fighting] before the first elements of Jackson’s foot cavalry would discern the forward elements of Reynolds’ column near Statesville. Stuart has fought a valiant but forlorn effort to slow the Federal army and had been thrown back again and again. His badly bloodied troops were now fighting dismounted in positions south of Statesville…”

From “The North Carolina Campaign” by Thomas R. Yetters
Buffalo 2006

“What would follow was one of the classic meeting engagements of the war that would pit two of the finest soldiers on the continent against one another, without interference from superiors, for the first time – John F. Reynolds and Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson…”
 
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One or perhaps two posts will bring matters to a head in North Carolina, one of which will include the effects of Longstreet's retrograde movements on the morale of the army as well as news of the "Servile Insurrection" in Charleston and the arrival of Rodman's "invasion force"...
 
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From “The North Carolina Campaign” by Thomas R. Yetters
Buffalo 2006

“What would follow was one of the classic meeting engagements of the war that would pit two of the finest soldiers on the continent against one another, without interference from superiors, for the first time – John F. Reynolds and Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson…”

I think Stonewall is about to have his ass handed to him by Reynolds, Hancock, Humphrey, Wallace etc. These are a different calibre of Union General than he faced in OTL. No one is going to sleepwalk through one of his flanking marches or deliberately hold back from aiding brother officers. This is exactly where Reynolds wants the rebel army - in the open and willing to fight!
 
The Michiganders are near to my heart, and as I mentioned before one of them figures in my future plans...

As a native of Michigan, Im excited. And tho it was never a serious argument, I always prefered Michiganian. Ive also heard Mittener, cause we point to our hands to show where we are from...if i had a workin camera id show yall... make your right hand, palm up, look like the lower peninsula, then make your left hand into a gun like shape with the thumb/Keewenaw sticking up and say ya to the UP!
fun times.
 
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Chapter One Hundred and Seven Marching Through The Carolinas Part IV
Chapter One Hundred and Seven

Marching Through The Carolinas

Part IV


From “The North Carolina Campaign” by Thomas R. Yetters
Buffalo 2006

Jackson initiated the battle at Statesville with the intent of repulsing Reynolds’ foray south of the Yadkin River. As Jackson’s vanguard, under Dick Ewell, came within sight of the town Stuart’s cavalry had formed west of the town on two hillocks, each with its own farmhouse: Watts and Edwards. Bartlett’s II Division of Lew Wallace’s Corps was pushing through the town in pursuit. Wallace spotted Ewell’s column and sought to form Duryee’s Division at the crossroads between the Mocksville Road (on which Reynolds’ advanced) and the Salisbury Road (Jackson). Duryee however was faced with by a problem, an inconvenience, that would plague many of Reynolds’ troops on the Mocksville Road – not only was it quite sunken (3ft or so) but large sections of it had been fenced by a local estate owner, Ezekiel Bell. Although the fencing would be broken up during the day it was a severe obstacle in the prompt deployment on Union troops from column, left facing, into line. The rebels faced no such problem on the more southern road as they advanced directly towards the Union column. Wallace had already directed Newton’s division to Bartlett’s right with the intention of securing the town and flanking Stuart


Fighting along the road is fierce

Noticing the buildup of IV Corps (Wallace's) troops along the Mocksville Road, Jackson ordered Ewell's brigades into line for a swift assault on the tightly packed Union column. Aware that the ground was largely open between the two roads except for the slight eminence known as Signal Hill and a shallow creek, Jackson believed a swift attacked on the unwieldy Union column before it could deploy would undo any superiority in numbers they might have….

With Ewell’s four brigades advancing in line athwart the Salisbury Road, Jackson road back to direct A.P. Hill’s division to Ewell’s right to assault the next Union formation in column. Jackson was to repeat this with Winder. The three divisions, 12 brigades in all, would advance echelon against the main body of Reynolds’ column: Duryee’s Division of Wallace’s Corps, the three divisions Williams’ XII Corps and the leading divisions of Hancock’s I Corps (Stannard’s and Gibbon’s) – 16 tightly packed brigades…

Williams’ 3 divisions had particular difficulties getting from column into line. In the end both Geary and Greene would only deploy 2 brigades in front and 1 behind to cope with the narrow, obstructed frontage. Ruger’s division, which had but two brigades, deployed in line but with some regiments from each brigade in the second line…

The fourth division in Jackson’s line was that of Jubal Early. Having deployed his leading divisions in an attack echelon Jackson sought to strike the Union “flank” or rather what had been the head of the Union column. Jackson directed Early’s four brigades to Ewell’s left to join with Stuart’s dismounted troopers and redouble the assault on the town, now held by Generals Bartlett and Newton. With the body of the Union column engaged the only potential Union reserves near the head of the column were Custer’s tired horsemen…

Fighting on the southern edge of the town was intense. John B. Gordon’s brigade of Ewell’s division in particular would repeatedly penetrate Duryee’s line…

Jackson was quick to realize the importance of Signal Hill and directed his chief of artillery, such as it was, to deploy his batteries on the reverse slope which allowed the Confederate artillery to dominate much of the Union position…

A.P. Hill’s division with the support of the artillery would wreak havoc upon the divisions of George S. Greene and John White Geary. Further along the line Winder’s division has facing a more difficult proposition. He overlapped part of Thomas Ruger's Division, but more importantly General Hancock, with more time and more room, had maneuvered his two leading divisions out of the sunken road and into line of battle in the open field. General Stannard has also rushed out skirmishers who had occupied elements of the Bell family farm complex which would act as a strong point in the centre of Hancock’s line, albeit an isolated one…

Furthermore his divisions stood at an angle to Winder’s advance, and soon William E. Starke’s brigade came under a terrible flanking fire and Winder’s advance began to falter…

General Jackson had seen Hancock’s preparations from Signal Hill and had anticipated that Winder’s advance would come under sustained flanking fire. The fifth division in Jackson’s column was from Anderson’s I Corps. It was George Pickett’s 3 brigade Virginia Division. Pickett was ordered to march to Winder’s flank and support his attack. Pickett’s troops would have to march eastwards, passing behind Hill’s and Winder’s divisions, before angling northwards to support the attack…

General Winfield Hancock would earn great praise for the manner of his response to Pickett’s advance. Taking command of Doubleday’s I Corps he directed well beyond Gibbon’s left flank, into the fields, to meet Pickett’s advance before it would turn northwards. It was the smallest division in the Union army that day: the Black Hats brigade under Lysander Cutler and another brigade under Solomon Meredith. When Cutler remonstrated with General Hancock about his exposed position, Hancock replied “sometimes, general, the life of a corps commander simply does not count”…

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Hancock reacts to Pickett's advance with one of his own

Despite a valiant attack by the brigades of Kemper, Garnett and Pegram, which overlapped Doubleday’s line and forced Meredith to refuse part of his line at right angles to prevent the line being flanked, Pickett’s advance was stopped and ultimately repulsed…

With the fighting on both flanks deadlocked, Jackson had one final division to deploy in what he hoped would be the decisive attack of the battle. Union reserves were at the rear of their column and distracted by the conflict between Pickett and Hancock. Jackson would direct his final division to the left – to join Ewell, Early and Stuart in an assault on Wallace’s IV Corps. If it was successful it could role up the Union line from the west back upon itself. The final division was commanded by John Bell Hood…”

From "Always The General - The Life of John Fulton Reynolds" by Jed Bradshaw
Penn State 1999

Reynolds had quickly realized his mistake in allowing his force to become concentrated on the Mocksville Road, thus reducing its maneuverability. However Lew Wallace has formed a solid defensive line, in an L shape, well anchored at the corner in Statesville. Williams’ Corps was performing adequately in the centre, holding the line against a determined rebel attack. Reynolds also saw that Hancock was provided with sufficient artillery support when he countered Pickett. Although the rebels had the perfect position for artillery, on Signal Hill, and deployed it well, Reynolds had vastly more artillery which he deployed (in the absence of General Henry Hunt who remained with Kearny) effectively to counter both the rebel artillery with counter battery fire and in support of both flanks…

The attack by Hood’s Division threatened to unhinge Reynolds’ whole line. Wallace's forces, with Custer’s dismounted troopers on its right flank, had been finely balanced against the forces of Ewell and Early with Stuart’s troopers in support. Hood’s brigades, Wofford’s, Law’s, Kershaw’s and Barksdale’s burst through the hinge of Wallace’s line, splitting Newton’s division from that of Bartlett’s. Bartlett now had Ewell’s men to his front and Hood’s on his flank. His regiments were quickly being outflanked…

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Hood personally leads the attack

Alpheus Williams would respond to Wallace’s plea for help by spending one of his brigades which, because of the narrow frontage, he had held in reserve. Zealous B. Tower would lead his brigade from the front on a beautiful white horse into a hail of metal. Tower’s brigade would slow Hood’s division but it could not stop it. Hood’s division would advance over a dreadfully wounded General Tower into the rear of Williams’ position…

General Reynolds had left General Humphreys’ V Corps (two divisions as the third had been assigned to hold Salem and Greensboro) behind at the crossing point over the Yadkin to ensure the rebels did not cut him off from Kearny. Reynolds therefore only had one corps in reserve – Sickles’ III Corps. Reynolds’ had moved Sickles from the rear of the column, east of Hancock, to a position north of the road in the rear of Hancock’s and Williams’ position. From this position Reynolds could use Sickles’ force to reinforce either flank or the centre. As the crisis emerged on the Union right at Statesville, Reynolds reluctantly turned to Dan Sickles to stem the rebel tide…

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Dan Sickles would become one of the heroes of the battle

Gersham Mott led off with the brigades, of what Sickles laughingly called “Jesus, Mary and the two JosephsJoseph Carr and Joseph Revere. Charles T. Campbell’s brigade was in reserve. Further north and east Amiel Whipples shook out his division in a similar formation, two brigades in front – Gilman Marston’s and Stephen G. Champlin’s, with one in reserve – Abram S. Piatt. In the rear came Dan Sickles with his third division in line of battle, with an ill David Birney barely able to keep his seat. The brigades of Charles K. Graham (under Colonel Henry J. Madill as Graham had been injured at Thomasville), John H.H. Ward and the bloodied force of Thomas Egan (under Colonel Byron R. Pierce leading those elements not captured at Thomasville. The brigade was barely 600 men at Statesville)…

The nine brigades of Sickles’ III Corps, though well under strength and recently bloodied at Thomasville, smashed into Hood’s advance and sent the rebels reeling back to the town. Rallying his own division, as well as elements of Early’s and Ewell’s commands Hood made a defiant stand at the crossroads in Statesville. He meant to stop and throw back Sickles’ troops. But Hood was not the only general rallying his troops. General Reynolds ensured General Wallace reformed his formations in Sickles rear and that General Greene’s division of Williams' corps was reformed as well…

General Reynolds kept a close watch on Sickles’ advance but he need not have feared. This was the kind of engagement where Sickles’ aggressiveness could do nothing advance the course of the battle in the Union’s favor…

With Whipples’ division overlapping the rebel line and swinging south it was the rebel line that became unhinged. Reynolds ordered his entire line to advance and attack. Union numbers and Reynolds’ leadership had finally begun to tell…”

From “The Blue Eyed Prophet of War” by Robert Lee Thomas
Carlotta Press 1906


“Did General Jackson know that the moment had passed? That the last great attack by the Army of Northern Virginia had been made? Perhaps he did as he ordered his troops to fall back. He was disgusted. General Pickett had failed to press the Union left. General Winder had not shown the alacrity needed. The men had fought. How the men had fought but Jackson felt that too many of the army’s generals simply could not follow orders…”

From “The North Carolina Campaign” by Thomas R. Yetters
Buffalo 2006

Reynolds did not initially allow General Jackson to break contact. Generals Hancock and Sickles were quick to ensure their troops pressed the retreating rebels. Even the cavalry, under Custer, exhausted and light on ammunition pursued the rebel troops. In a dramatic action that would keep the arm blanche alive in the US Army for another 50 years element’s of Custer’s division charged a rebel regiment. A North Carolina regiment of Branch’s brigade (Early’s division) formed square in the presence of cavalry. An archaic manouver but often an effective one in the absence of enemy artillery. It was standard military doctrine that cavalry could not break infantry in square. No one it seems had managed to teach George Armstrong Custer that. With Russell A. Alger and the Michigan Brigade at his rear they charged the North Carolinians with sword, with pistol, and with carbine. Against doctrine but perhaps not the odds (the North Carolinians were likely out of ammunition, tired and unfed) the square broke and a legend was cemented…”
 
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Enjoying this latest campaign. Field battles with the Confederates manpower dwindling as they take casualties and lose recruiting ground. Jackson sounds fairly bitter towards the end. The author or the source, I wonder?

Love the Osprey titles. What of Liberty 1863? Peck's Understanding, perhaps? Doesn't quite fit, I suppose. Peck Catches Jackson?

Great stuff all around. Not much to add at present. The far west sounded promising.
 
Enjoying this latest campaign. Field battles with the Confederates manpower dwindling as they take casualties and lose recruiting ground. Jackson sounds fairly bitter towards the end. The author or the source, I wonder?

Love the Osprey titles. What of Liberty 1863? Peck's Understanding, perhaps? Doesn't quite fit, I suppose. Peck Catches Jackson?

Great stuff all around. Not much to add at present. The far west sounded promising.

Liberty 1863 - Peck Strikes For Freedom
 
This is Jackson - angry and active. Constantly seeking out a flank to turn. He really was an unforgiving SOB to be a general under.

I know it is partly to do with the ground and the axis of the Union advance but it never ceases to amaze me how often the Union throws away its advance in numbers and goes for strength in depth (especially in the west). Then the rebels, who throw every man into the front line, overlap their flnaks and role up the big thick Union lines. Reynolds has had a close shave. I bet he's livid that Sickles is the hero of the hour.

I also like tjat you've thought to reduce Union numbers to account for garrisons and to secure lines of communication/supply.

Poor old Stuart. Its not the first time he's set off on a raid and run into the Army of the Potomac where it ought not to be!
 
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