Renovation: An Eastern Roman Timeline

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Deleted member 67076

Right now,the East Roman army is more or less slightly better than a militia force. It will be hard pressed against ghazi forces,let alone organised sipahis. Things will be worse if the janissaries are created earlier than they are in otl.
The Janissaries were arguably created during the reign of Orhan when his brother gave the idea of training slave soldiers as children in an attempt to copy the Mamlukes. So that's probably going to stick around, although the supply for the Blood Tax is going to be smaller. I suspect there's probably only around 2,000 or so troops that we might call Janissaries.

The main thing is since the regular army was more or less disbanded by the earlier Palaiologian Emperors,they will be building an army from the scratch.
Don't forget that here, whatever semblance of professional troops in the noble levies was shredded by the Civl War! We're basically at Themata level at the best.

I believe they will need some foreign military advisors to help retrain a professional army. They will also need to equip their troops with the latest western equipment like plate armour. This, of course, depends if they can find the money to pay for all this. This is crucial.
Hmm... France and Italy come to mind. The Hundred Years War is ongoing and theres going to be massive amounts of well trained captains and mercenary groups that will need a job. Having them tutor captains, along with modifications of the old military manuals might help out, although Im not too sure about the plausibility of that.

As for cash? Yeah, they can afford a buildup and reform- after decade or 2. The Byzantine Economy, with more territory, more people to tax, stability, investments and a shift towards commercial matters (and to a very small extent production) has whats necessary to build up a relatively economy once more. This isn't something that will happen overnight per se, but given time the profits will stack and the state will have enough money to do whatever buildup they want. It gets better when one realizes that rebuilding roads to aid in the Roman's defense in depth strategy can be used to speed up internal trade. There is a drawback in that quite a lot of grain would be imported from Bulgaria as urbanization increases once more so profits won't be as optimal as one might expect.

However, I don't want to give away too much on army reform but I need to say all of this will depend on the list of priorities the state has. Right now the state is interested in, for lack of better terminology, 'maxing out' what they've got left before going on the offensive- its a reaction towards decades of futile efforts at expansion and doing nothing instead of improving the conditions of the power base. So the army is going to be a bit neglected; it'll get better equipment of what they have now, especially with the better trade relations with the Marinids and the Golden Horde allowing for good Iron to come in, but, er, the empire is going to get a 'wake up call' that signals the army needs reform.

Make no mistake though, just because the army is no long the favorite department of the state doesn't mean the Empire won't gladly seize whatever opportunity it can get to retake its former territories as we've seen, but the new administration is wary on launching invasions. Defense is the priority right now.

Rediscovering Greek Fire for the navy? Time to have a good like at the imperial archives.I also recommend hiring a small force of a English Longbowmen. You might also want to hire them for service in exchange for land. There should be plenty of English archers out of work during the truces between England and France. They should counter the Turkish horse archers nicely.
From what Ive read, most of the ingredients for Greek Fire were found in the Crimea, which means paying the principality of Theodoro a visit. Since historically even in the rump state the empire did have a lot of contact and influence on the principality, there's an opportunity for buying the ingredients. The necessary experimentation to rebuild it and then rearming boats to use Greek Fire (along with cannons) will also take some time. I'm guessing if this happens we won't get Greek Fire until the 1400s, with the 1380s being the fastest amount of time I can reasonably see.

Af for longbowmen, that's a good idea. I'll see about it depending on the dynamics of the Hundred Year's War, although importing French soldiers is easier.

Nice to see that the new Empire's baptism by fire went well. And Athens liberated, too.

Does the new map mean that Hungary has restored complete control over everything, or is Croatia still there in name only?

Its in flux. King Louis here would be spending most of his energy and men trying to reinforce the centralization his dad worked hard at achieving, but Croatia was always a bit more loosely controlled from what I gather (if I'm wrong, please point it out) so Croatia might still have some amount of autonomy. But there's probably been a few campaigns into the region to enforce the king's control during the late 1340s-50s.

The implosion of the Serbian Empire began with something that would probably never happen in this TL's Serbian Kingdom (a low-level civil war started by a side branch of the dynasty which operated from conquered territories in Greece; here, they'd have no power base to even start anything).

If Stefan Dushan lives longer, that would also have a good effect, building up the King's power and authority and stronger institutions. And he would have more time to train and prepare his son for kingship.

The thing with Stefan Uros V is that he was, by all accounts, a reasonably competent ruler for the first 5-10 years of his reign. Then he withdrew and delegated everything to a divisive noble clique. The main problem with him was not any obvious personality flaw, but this sudden loss of interest in active rule. (no one is sure why) With more time to learn from his father and gain personal experience, inheriting a more consolidated country, and a less dangerous neighborhood, he could do fine enough.

In any case, Serbia will be to distracted with integrating and guarding the west and north; it won't start any hostilities with 'Romania' and Bulgaria any time soon, especially now that the Empire is clearly stronger than it was in a long, long time.
So Serbia won't implode then and the rest of the Balkans is in detente. (Bulgaria did ally with both Serbia and the Byzantines here) That's... going to lead to some interesting developments.
 
To resolve the economic problem,I assume there will now be a wholesale takeover of the Venetian trade market?Venice is really f#$ed if this happened.At any rate,with Venice out of the way,Cyprus is ripe for the taking.
 

Deleted member 67076

To resolve the economic problem,I assume there will now be a wholesale takeover of the Venetian trade market? Venice is really f#$ed if this happened. At any rate,with Venice out of the way,Cyprus is ripe for the taking.

Venice is already in decline with regards to their dominance in trade. They lost a huge market of their goods in the Byzantine nobility after the Civil War and their cheapest source of grain in the Black Sea after the Golden Horde forced kicked them off. The latter was historical of course, and Venice easily bounced back with Egyptian grain but its worth noting that for the 1350s their major source of imported grain was from Thrace. But this of course is magnified because the Byzantines are moving into their niche making profits shrink, the Black Death, and losing a brutal war with Genoa that forces them to pay commercial dues once more.

Cyprus could probably be taken, but the Mamluks might attack in return. They had designs on Cyprus as well. It really depends on how things develop.
 
So right now,what's the ERE's strategy in regards to defending it's mainland territories in Europe?Serbia has been bloodied,but far from beaten.Bulgaria's also in the neighborhood.

Is the ERE going to continuously rely on Fabian tactics and guerrilla warfare to defend itself against these foes while it recovers economically and builds itself a respectable army two decades later?
 

Zlorfik

Banned
Paraphrasing the words of a wise man: "Without Anatolia, Byzantium is naught but a local principality."
 
Still a principality in size and manpower, albeit very rich.
Money is power.You can buy the best troops in the world with money.Venice was rich enough that it can basically afford to hire complete armies to fight and defeat superpowers like France or the HRE in pitch battles during the Italian Wars.Besides that,the ERE,even at this stage,has more land than Venice ever did.
 
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Deleted member 67076

Castile After Rio Salado

In the previous installment, you read about the kingdom of Aragon pretty much abandoning their efforts against the Genoese to invade Castile. While this may sound like leaving the Venetians to their own fate and rather cold, to be fair to the Aragonese its pretty hard to understate this golden opportunity. You see, when Alfonso XI of neighboring Castile had died, he was leaving a kingdom with no clear successor, but with host of bastards (10 of them in total) vying for control. Each of them were scrambling to find a patron, power base or whatever they can use to outmaneuver their brothers to the throne. A succession war was clearly in the works. The latest in the downward spiral.

But how does that benefit Aragon you might ask? Couple of ways. The obvious ways are that it weakens Castile, giving Aragon proportionally more influence on the peninsula and of course weakening a potential rival. Another is the potential to go and seize territory during the chaos. The border disputes of Aragon and Castile were… lively, to put it one way and here is a good time to press your claims and get away with it. And yet another reason to invade is to prop up a friendly king. Preferably one that’s pliable… Anyways, point is Aragon had a lot to gain. Far more than wasting ships and men on an annoying stalemate in the Adriatic.

But lets give some backstory first: Why is Castile going so badly?

Well, back in 1341, the Castilians were making a large, costly assault on the Muslim lands. The intent wasn’t conquest per se, but to seize the strategic Strait of Gibraltar, which had, along with other territories such as Algeciras, been part of the Marinid Sultanate and was their primary staging ground for launching invasions on the European continent and beat back a massive Marinid invasion at the time. Alfonso XI realized the strategic value (or wanted a cheap shot at glory, your pick) and realized he needed to obtain these lands. With his allies the Portuguese on one side and volunteers (and loans) from the Papal states on another, Alfonso gathered a massive host by the standards of the day and marched south to destroy the Marinid threat. One army under his direct control would destroy the Muslim forces on land, while his and his allies’ armadas would match the Marinids at sea.

He failed. Disastrously. The initial battle between the was lost decisively thanks to the Marinid Sultan playing a bit more cautiously and keeping his fleet in Algeciras rather than send them back and disengage (the Marinids were kinda short on cash at the time), meaning the Castilian fleet isn’t able to match their enemies, and, thus gets systematically destroyed upon meeting a larger enemy. It gets worse: The army sent to fight the Nasrids gets crushed as the Marinid Sultan, Abu Al-Hasan, feeling more secure with the Castilian fleet eliminated, ferried more troops from the Maghreb to back up the Nasrid forces. Troops are additionally raised by the Moroccans bribing various Rif tribes with promises of plunder and land. With the channel clear, the army gets safely ferried and bolsters the mainland forces.

And here’s where it gets worse: As you expected, Alfonso’s army was smashed. Brutally. But what you might not have guessed is that Alfonso himself got captured and transferred in custody to Fes as a prisoner of the Sultan. Here the Marinids have gained the upper hand. (Oh by the way, that relief fleet the Portuguese sent out also suffered pretty badly facing the Corsairs and eventually was forced to withdraw). Meanwhile the combined Marinid-Nasrid army is marching pretty much unopposed in Andalusia and Algarve, looting whatever and whoever they can down south. The Iberians scramble to respond and do manage to raise another army and fleet (the latter paid almost entirely by Papal loans). Eventually the Marinids were stopped outside Badajoz but at that point basically everything south of Seville has been sacked.

So the Sultan agrees for peace. Alfonso returns to his throne, for a heavy price. Already having gotten the money he needed, the Sultan wasn’t interested in reparations- he wants land. And he gets it. Most of the province of Seville is lost and many a border town near Granada (pretty much everything up to Jaen more or less) is ceded to either him or the Nasrid Emirate. Portugal on the other hand gets off easy- just a few reparations and most of the shipyards in the Algarve set on fire.

But of course it doesn’t end there. Alfonso returns to find his kingdom in debt to the Pope and his allies. So he has to raise taxes, which lessens his popularity back home. And then the plague comes next. And then his son and heir Peter dies. And a couple of peasant revolts that have to be put down. Eventually, he dies “suddenly and mysteriously” in 1355, leaving Castile with no king and 10 pretenders, which is where Aragon at that point begins to look giddy.
 
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I forgot to ask in my last post, what's John V's role in all this? Will he (or his younger brother, Michael, if he dies) end up taking an active role in the new empire?
 
Af for longbowmen, that's a good idea. I'll see about it depending on the dynamics of the Hundred Year's War, although importing French soldiers is easier.

If you're serious about this, then allow me to recommend Sir John Hawkwood, who moved to Italy in 1360 with a substantial number of longbowmen to start a highly successful career as a mercenary. The Romans could do a heck of a lot worse if they want a competent commander who can teach them archery tactics and can be relied upon to actually fight.
 
Castile After Rio Salado

In the previous installment, you read about the kingdom of Aragon pretty much abandoning their efforts against the Genoese to invade Castile. While this may sound like leaving the Venetians to their own fate and rather cold, to be fair to the Aragonese its pretty hard to understate this golden opportunity. You see, when Alfonso XI of neighboring Castile had died, he was leaving a kingdom with no clear successor, but with host of bastards (10 of them in total) vying for control. Each of them were scrambling to find a patron, power base or whatever they can use to outmaneuver their brothers to the throne. A succession war was clearly in the works. The latest in the downward spiral.

But how does that benefit Aragon you might ask? Couple of ways. The obvious ways are that it weakens Castile, giving Aragon proportionally more influence on the peninsula and of course weakening a potential rival. Another is the potential to go and seize territory during the chaos. The border disputes of Aragon and Castile were… lively, to put it one way and here is a good time to press your claims and get away with it. And yet another reason to invade is to prop up a friendly king. Preferably one that’s pliable… Anyways, point is Aragon had a lot to gain. Far more than wasting ships and men on an annoying stalemate in the Adriatic.

But lets give some backstory first: Why is Castile going so badly?

Well, back in 1341, the Castilians were making a large, costly assault on the Muslim lands. The intent wasn’t conquest per se, but to seize the strategic Strait of Gibraltar, which had, along with other territories such as Algeciras, been part of the Marinid Sultanate and was their primary staging ground for launching invasions on the European continent and beat back a massive Marinid invasion at the time. Alfonso XI realized the strategic value (or wanted a cheap shot at glory, your pick) and realized he needed to obtain these lands. With his allies the Portuguese on one side and volunteers (and loans) from the Papal states on another, Alfonso gathered a massive host by the standards of the day and marched south to destroy the Marinid threat. One army under his direct control would destroy the Muslim forces on land, while his and his allies’ armadas would match the Marinids at sea.

He failed. Disastrously. The initial battle between the was lost decisively thanks to the Marinid Sultan playing a bit more cautiously and keeping his fleet in Algeciras rather than send them back and disengage (the Marinids were kinda short on cash at the time), meaning the Castilian fleet isn’t able to match their enemies, and, thus gets systematically destroyed upon meeting a larger enemy. It gets worse: The army to fight the Nasrids gets crushed as the Marinid Sultan, Abu Al-Hasan, feeling more secure with the Castilian fleet eliminated, ferried more troops from the Maghreb to back up the Nasrid forces. Troops are additionally raised by the Moroccans bribing various Rif tribes with promises of plunder and land. With the channel clear, the army gets safely ferried and bolsters the mainland forces.

And here’s where it gets worse: As you expected, Alfonso’s army was smashed. Brutally. But what you might not have guessed is that Alfonso himself got captured and transferred in custody to Fes as a prisoner of the Sultan. Here the Marinids have gained the upper hand. (Oh by the way, that relief fleet the Portuguese sent out also suffered pretty badly facing the Corsairs and eventually is forced to withdraw). Meanwhile the combined Marinid-Nasrid army is marching pretty much unopposed in Andalusia and Algarve, looting whatever and whoever they can down south. The Iberians scramble to respond and do manage to raise another army and fleet (the latter paid almost entirely by Papal loans). Eventually the Marinids were stopped outside Badajoz but at that point basically everything south of Seville has been sacked.

So the Sultan agrees for peace. Alfonso returns to his throne, for a heavy price. Gaining the money he needs, the Sultan isn’t interested in reparations- he wants land. And he gets it. Most of the province of Seville is lost and many a border town near Granada (pretty much everything up to Jaen more or less) is ceded to either him or the Nasrid Emirate. Portugal on the other hand gets off easy- just a few reparations and most of the shipyards in the Algarve set on fire.

But of course it doesn’t end there. Alfonso returns to find his kingdom in debt to the Pope and his allies so he has to raise taxes, lessening his popularity back home. And then the plague comes next. And then his son and heir Peter dies. And a couple of peasant revolts that have to be put down. Eventually, he dies “suddenly and mysteriously” in 1355, leaving Castile with no king and 10 pretenders, which is where Aragon at that point begins to look giddy.
Ouch... That sucks for Castille...
 

Deleted member 67076

So right now,what's the ERE's strategy in regards to defending it's mainland territories in Europe? Serbia has been bloodied, but far from beaten. Bulgaria's also in the neighborhood.

Is the ERE going to continuously rely on Fabian tactics and guerrilla warfare to defend itself against these foes while it recovers economically and builds itself a respectable army two decades later?
Essentially. Defense in depth and avoiding pitch battles was standard Palaiologian doctrine since the days of Andronikos II. What's next is to build up the army you have to match the numbers of your neighbors, maybe improve their equipment and fortify as much as you can.

I really have to stress that the current elite has no interest in changing that as it feels there's no need to. The guys in charge aren't generals and nobles like old, their bureaucrats and merchants. Most of them aren't' trained in warfare and thus aren't as obsessed about it nearly as much as their predecessors.

why do i feel that when aydin gets conquered im going to cry a lot?

Yeah, I'm anticipating the same as well. Aydin may be pirates, but they were badass.

You guys really should read about the Beylik's leader during this period, one Umar Bey, also known as "Umar the Lion". Really, really interesting guy. The Aydinids are such an underused state.

Still a principality in size and manpower, albeit very rich.
A principality with at least 600,000 people, far more than any of the other naval focused states have (sans Portugal).

I forgot to ask in my last post, what's John V's role in all this? Will he (or his younger brother, Michael, if he dies) end up taking an active role in the new empire?
John V would be around his early 20s at this time, so he's slowly starting to involve himself in state affairs and management. He certainly would have had his youth at the side of Alexios Apokaukos and have been tutored in the latter's preferences, with an education favoring something suited to commercial affairs and stewardship. (finances, rhetoric, etc). Its safe to say we can assume he'd be competently trained and eager to get out of his mentor's shadow.

I need to do an update focusing on the imperial inner circle.
In this timeline will the reconquest ultimately continue on into North Africa as it was originally intended?
They will try.
If you're serious about this, then allow me to recommend Sir John Hawkwood, who moved to Italy in 1360 with a substantial number of longbowmen to start a highly successful career as a mercenary. The Romans could do a heck of a lot worse if they want a competent commander who can teach them archery tactics and can be relied upon to actually fight.
Neat. And he was in North-Central Italy all throughout the 1360s-70s. Contact would be relatively easy.

How exactly would annexing a city that's on the other side of the Adriatic Sea annoy Genoa? But then again, those merchant republics...
Genoa would see it as trying to move into a potential market, the same way they saw anyone else trading into a region of interest. Also theres the idea of the balance of power: Having your potential rival obtain access to the Venetian arsenals while you don't is not a wise idea. Better to have a rump Venice denying those assets to a rival if you can't get it.
 
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