Chapter Ninety Seven
A Political General for a Political Command
From “The War Between the States” by Otis R. Mayhew
Sword & Musket 1992
“General Schofield may be in step with the President but General Kearny is in step with the nation” so said Senator James Lane after Kearny’s visit to Missouri…”
From “Kearny the Magnificent” by Roger Galton
NorthWestern
“Schofield got off on the wrong foot with Kearny from the beginning. He caveated his initial verbal report to Kearny by stating that, no matter what Kearny may have heard about Schofield from others, like General [George] Thomas, or about his department from radicals in Washington, he should not allow himself to be guided by anything other than what he saw and heard himself.
According to Chauncey McKeever, Kearny was both mystified and irritated at once. General Thomas had made no reference to General Schofield during his meetings in Chattanooga, nor was it Kearny’s policy to be “blown about by politicians like so much chaff”. Kearny had no idea about Schofield’s one-sided vendetta against George Thomas, who had been one of two officers to vote for Schofield’s dismissal from West Point for a serious disciplinary infraction [the attempt to expel Schofield only failed when political pressure was brought to bear in his favor]…
If Kearny took one impression from his initial interview with General Schofield it was that the Department of Missouri was “an entirely political beast”. Kearny quickly resolved to sever the Departmental command with its guerrillas and political blood feuds, from the military command of the Army of the Frontier…
General James Blunt, living up to the example set by his name, was in personality and by first impression much more to Kearny’s liking. An amateur, certainly, but a gifted one with an aggressive tendency. Blunt’s assessment of both Curtis (Schofield’s predecessor) and of Schofield also struck a chord with Kearny: “Every time we win a victory they stop; retreat; consolidate. Every victory is a lost opportunity” (McKeever). Kearny never expressed a recorded opinion about James McNeill but McKeever, who was present during the interview, came to his own conclusion “loathsome but extremely effective against guerrillas”…
With the Radicals baying for Schofield’s head; with the conservatives mewling that Schofield was “too timid to do what he knows to be right”; and with Schofield himself making such a poor impression on Kearny a change was inevitable. The President had supported Schofield as he sought to walk the tightrope of Missouri politics but Kearny presented Lincoln with the solution to a larger political problem – Major General Benjamin Butler…”
Major General Benjamin Butler - Hero of the Radicals
Butler had, due to the factional support of the radical press and the frequent denunciations by the Southern Government, maintained his status as a hero in the north, which only seemed to grow after the Battle of Blackwater. Although the battle itself was a debacle Butler’s status had been maintained and enhanced by the cries of the Southern fire-eaters that the wounded Butler should have shared the fate of David Hunter, and their passing of a resolution that supported and elaborated on previous declarations that Butler should be tried and executed if captured for inciting servile insurrection. The view in the north was that anyone referred to as “the Beast” by the Confederacy “
must be a very great patriot indeed” (George Templeton Strong)…”
From “The King and his Heir – Lincoln and Kearny in the Civil War” by Robert Todd Lincoln II
Grafton Press 1939
“Butler’s ongoing presence in Washington, without a command, was a thorn in the side of Lincoln. With the passion of the convert Butler became the champion of the Radical cause in the capitol. His demands in the press and in speaking engagements for harsher and harsher measures again the rebels were gaining traction with news of each new atrocity. These demands flew in the face of everything the President believed necessary to reunite the nation was the Union was restored…
Kearny held the general opinion in the army that it was “pure murder” (Secretary Stanton) to give military commands to a man like Butler. Kearny was under no illusions – the Battle of Blackwater was an avoidable debacle. However it was not lost on Kearny that, whether in spite of or because of southern denunciations of Butler, his governance of New Orleans had been a success. While maintaining a reputation for harshness Butler had actually pursued a relatively conciliatory line with the inhabitants when the opportunity permitted. [The issue of the 'ladies' of New Orleans was one instance where the threat of action had a salutory effect without much substance ever having been given to its exercise]. Unlike Schofield, who appeared conservative regardless of his harsh measures, Butler could appear the radical while pursuing a reasonable course of governance in Missouri. Both the President and the Commanding General ‘overlooked’ the rumors of malfeasance by “Spoons Butler” as it was clearly politic to do so...
There was one issue, would Butler accept the command which would remove him far from the engine of government. Kearny’s solution was simple – the President should simply announce that the appointment had been offered and that General Butler, in the spirit of a true patriot, had accepted. Once announced it would be “the very devil for Butler to withdraw” observed an impressed Secretary Seward. “General Kearny is a very shrewd operator for a soldier” noted Seward. “When he can keep his temper in check, William, only with his temper in check” was Lincoln’s reply…
With the newspapers trumpeting Butler’s appointment which would “finally cleanse Missouri of rebels, traitors, bushwhackers and secesh of all stripes” Butler was boxed in. He accepted the appointment. Kearny exercised his own personal sense of humor by re-assigning Schofield to Thomas’ force in East Tennessee that was to act against the small isolated rebel force around Knoxville…”
Major General Edward Canby
From “Kearny the Magnificent” by Roger Galton
NorthWestern
“However if Butler thought he would have the opportunity to shed his administrative responsibilities in Missouri to redeem his military reputation in the field, he was mistaken. Kearny appointed a new general to command the unified andnewly independent command of the Army of the Frontier (formerly the Army of the Southwest) – Major General Edward Canby...
Although a “subordinate theatre” in the coming campaigns, Kearny nevertheless intended that sufficient forces would be forwarded to allow Canby to make a serious descent on Texas. One of Butler’s first objectives was to federalise the Missouri Militia, removing it from the control of the conservative governor Hamilton R. Gamble, and forward such elements as practical to Canby’s command. Even the unionist ‘Indian Home Guard’ units were to be federalised. Three red regiments would join their black and white comrades in the struggle for the Union…”