By 2023, the closest analogue in the United States to NASCAR is the United States Racing League. The Omaha 400 is the premier car racing contest in the United States.
TL-191: After the End
- Thread starter David bar Elias
- Start date
By 2023, the closest analogue in the United States to NASCAR is the United States Racing League. The Omaha 400 is the premier car racing contest in the United States.
I’m replying with the caveat that my answer does not reflect what Turtledove himself may have imagined for the TL-191 series, but is the case for TTL. My answer will be split into separate replies.
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Antoni Gaudí was born before the POD for the TL-191 series. Given the conservative nature of the butterfly effect in this series, and his distance from North America, I don’t think his life and career would be dramatically different compared to our world, unless certain events differed in his life in TTL compared to OTL. For example, if Gaudí was not commissioned to lead the building of the Sagrada Família, or if he was somehow unable to attend the 1888 Barcelona Universal Exposition.
By 2023, Antoni Gaudí is a famous architect and artist in different nations, as in our world.
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The analogue in TTL to Salvador Dalí, of the same name, was born on a slightly different date in comparison to our world.
Dalí also became an artist in TTL. Unlike in our world, Dalí never embraced artistic styles and forms such as Cubism or Surrealism. Instead, inspired by medieval and Renaissance works of art and architecture, Dalí became a proponent of what cultural historians would later call Nostalgic Reaction, a style that ostentatiously rejected modern styles of art in favor of restoring older forms of art to prominence. Dalí’s embrace of these older styles of art in the 1920s while attending the San Fernando Royal Academy of Fine Arts coincided with an embrace of the Roman Catholic Church. Dalí, at one point, considered leaving school and the artistic world behind in favor of living a monastic life, but ultimately decided against doing so.
Dalí’s rejection of modern and radical artistic styles and movements while at the San Fernando Royal Academy of Fine Arts did not endear him to his peers. Because he attended university later than in our world, Dalí never made the acquaintance of Luis Buñuel or other important people in his life from our world.
Dalí spent the 1920s and early 1930s navigating the artistic worlds of Madrid, Barcelona, and Paris, but did not achieve notoriety until the exhibition of a collection of paintings in Paris in 1929 called The Great Chain of Being, which as the name suggests was an interpretation of medieval ideas on the hierarchy of life. The Great Chain of Being collection was correctly interpreted by contemporary critics as Dalí’s celebration of the concept of absolute monarchy, as the paintings also included sequential symbols from ancient and medieval sources of monarchical rule. It was this 1929 Paris exhibition that brought Dalí to the favorable attention of Action Française.
After the ascension of the Action Française regime in 1930, Dalí remained in Paris. He embraced the new regime, and soon found a roles in the regime’s plan to reshape the French artistic scene. Dalí’s own political views were radicalized in the 1930s. He allied with the most hardline figures in the Action Française regime, and even wrote his own philosophical tracts calling for the end of democracy and for a new Inquisition.
Dalí painted numerous works while living in Paris that were celebratory of the Action Française regime, including portraits of leading officials in the regime, or what he described as the reimagining of modern Paris into a neo-Medieval metropolis. In 1939, Dalí proposed to the government that he paint an epic mural in Paris that would celebrate all of the centuries of monarchical rule in France. This proposal was accepted by the regime’s Ministry of National Culture, and Dalí started work on Constellation of the Kings in 1939. This mural was never completed, as Dalí disappeared under mysterious circumstances in 1940, less than a year into work on the project.
By 2023, the reasons why Dalí disappeared, and his eventual fate, remain a subject of debate among historians of modern art and historians of the Action Française regime.
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By 2023, there has been nothing analogous to Monty Python from our world.
Either German intelligence agents or anti-AF partisans got him and put Dali in a shallow grave didn't they.
That's going to make for something of a sad world, in my mind, without Monty Python's unique form of craziness.
Am I allowed to ask what fate befell Pablo Picasso, the fellow who painted the mural Guernica, in this Timeline?
I'm also curious as to the final fate of Philippe Petain, who led the French collaborationist Vichy regime in our timeline, and General Georgy Zhukov, the famous Soviet General who commanded the defence of Moscow in 1941.
Pétain was already pretty old man in 1940's so not sure if him had much of role on Maurras'(?) government. Furthermore his health was already declining and he was getting early stage of dementia.
Not really sure about Zhukov. In OTL he served at Red Army during RCW but perhaps David can answer what he did ITTL.
Was the Ottoman Empire commonly referred to as 'Turkey' throughout the 20th century?
It’s a mystery that will never be solved in TTL.
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Yes, depending on the person, time, and place. The Ottoman Empire was also known at the popular level in different nations as the Turkish Empire in the 20h Century.
Has it ever been asked how scholarship around the Destruction evolved in this tl compared to Holocaust scholarship/views on it? How do other countries such as in Europe or the Japanese states view it compared to the US?
Also, I recall it being mentioned here somewhere that Ireland was occupied during the Second Great War. How did that play out and how is that remembered in Ireland and Britain in the modern day?
Also, I recall it being mentioned here somewhere that Ireland was occupied during the Second Great War. How did that play out and how is that remembered in Ireland and Britain in the modern day?
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By 2023, there are just over 300 million people living in the United States.
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There is a smaller African American community in the United States compared to our world, though it’s growing demographically by 2023. The African American community is divided into three smaller communities. These communities are those descended from the African American community that lived in the United States before the Second Great War, those from the large Afro-Caribbean community from the different US Caribbean states, and those from the immigrant communities from different African nations.
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By 2023, German Americans are the largest single group in the United States descended from a European immigrant community. Unlike in our world, German culture and the German language is far more pronounced in the United States, because of the military and political alliance between the two nations in the late 19th Century and the early 20th Century.
The United States in TTL never enacted immigration restrictions comparable to the Immigration Act of 1924. This means that by 2023, there are larger numbers of Americans descended from different immigrant communities from Southern and Eastern Europe. Immigration to the United States from Eastern Europe did not really decline until the 1970s.
Canadian Americans are one of the single largest ethic communities in the United States. The modern Canadian American community by 2023 tends to place emphasis on its own unique American identity, albeit an identity shaped by the terrible conflicts of the early 20th Century.
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The United States has a larger Jewish community compared to our world by 2023, because of continued immigration from Eastern Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. By 2023, there are over 14 million Jews living in the United States. This is the largest Jewish community in the world.
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The United States has a larger Hispanic community compared to our world. The Mexican American community is the largest Hispanic community, followed by the Cuban American community. The Hispanic community in the United States includes the different immigrant communities from the Central American nations of the CDS, the Dominican Republic, another member of the CDS, and different nations in South America.
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The United States has a larger Native American population compared to our world, with the addition of the indigenous communities in the Canadian states and including the indigenous communities of Alaska. By 2023, the US state of Nunavut is the largest state in terms of geographical size where members of indigenous communities wield power, though there are other states that have relatively high levels of influence from different Native American groups.
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The United States has a larger Pacific Islander community compared to our world, because of the inclusion of the different indigenous communities throughout the US Pacific states of Micronesia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and the Sandwich Islands.
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The United States has a larger Asian American community compared to our world. By 2023, Chinese American community is the largest Asian American community. The Asian American community in the United States also includes the different immigrant communities from nations such as Korea, the Philippines, and Vietnam.
There are also a growing number of people in the United States from different immigrant communities from South Asia and Southeast Asia, including from Bharat.
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What are the most common languages spoken in the US in 2023? Do states like the Pacific Island states, Ryukyu, and the caribbean states still retain their own local languages and dialects of English? What are the most popular languages to learn for Americans?
After the end of the Second Great War, the historiography of the Destruction among US historians was shaped by a long debate analogous to some of the disagreements between historians of the Holocaust in our world, particularly the functionalism-intentionalism debate from OTL. Discussions by US historians of the Destruction were also related to wider discussions on the emergence and trajectory of the Freedom Party dictatorship in the former CSA.
In the first postwar generation, US historians of the Destruction tended to focus on the responsibility of the highest ranking people responsible for the atrocities within the Featherston regime, as well as notorious perpetrators such as Jefferson Davis Pinkard. In the 1950s and the 1960s, there were several important histories of the Confederate extermination camps that were written by US historians.
One subject that did not receive a lot of attention by historians in the United States in the first postwar generation was the question of how extensive civilian cooperation had been throughout the former CSA in facilitating the Destruction. This was in part because of a culture of silence in the US Midsouth and the Republic of Texas on any roles that ordinarily people may have played in the Destruction in the 1930s and during the Second Great War. In the Republic of Texas, this culture of silence was confounded by a false and self-serving popular narrative that presented the people of Texas as victims of the Freedom Party.
This regional culture of silence and lack of attention by US historians to the issue of civilian collaboration with the Destruction was shaken in 1979 with the joint publication of Lone Star State by Yale University Press and the Remembrance Center. Lone Star State was a three volume history of Texas under the Freedom Party and during the destruction, and drew upon on the voluminous research that had been provided to the Remembrance Center since the late 1950s by a former aspiring Radical Liberal Texas politician named Lyndon Baines Johnson, who, along with group of like-minded assistants, was determined to uncover the truth of what had actually happened in Texas under the Featherston regime. Lone Star State included revelations on the fates of numerous Texans who had been unjustly imprisoned and murdered by the Freedom Party, as well as horrifying accounts on the fate of the African American community of Texas. Johnson’s research, as well as research provided by other historians who contributed to Lone Star State, was also notable for its unstinting examination of how ordinary civilians in Texas, far from opposing the Freedom Party, took part in its atrocities.
Lone Star State would prove to be the first of what became a series of state histories of each of the states of the Midsouth under the Freedom Party and during the Destruction, with each state history consisting of more than one volume. By 2023, this extensive project of state histories as a collaborative effort between Yale University and the Remembrance Center, remains a work in progress.
Beginning in the 1970s and 1980s, a new generation of historians and archivists in the US Midsouth and the Republic of Texas also began to shape the historiography in the United States of the Destruction and the the Freedom Party dictatorship. There were numerous histories written in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, including by Midsouth-based historians, on subjects ranging from the role played by Confederate diplomacy in the Destruction to the impact of the Destruction on different regions, cities and smaller communities. US historians also began to cooperate more extensively with Haitian scholars of the Destruction, which had involved atrocities on Haiti as well as in the former CSA.
The 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s also saw greater efforts by different historians to uncover the roles played by lower ranking perpetrators in the Destruction, such as the staffs of different camps and those involved in other atrocities throughout the former CSA.
The 1990s, 2000s, and 2010s saw the first serious efforts by US and Haitian historians to reconstruct pre-Freedom Party African American communities from the former CSA and the pre-Second Great War society of Haiti. By 2023, there have been a significant number of histories published in the United States in different African American and Haitian communities that were destroyed in the Destruction.
By 2023, most US historians place the Destruction within the context of the longer history of the former CSA, particularly the history of slavery and discrimination story laws in the Confederacy before the Featherston regime. Although most US historians don’t argue that the Destruction was necessarily fated to happen before the rise of the Freedom Party, the consensus among historians is that the state-enforced racism in the CSA made conditions possible for these atrocities to occur.
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By 2023, the most widely spoken languages spoken in the United States aside from English include Spanish and German. German is the most popular foreign language to learn in the United States, and is considered an important subject to learn in the US education system. German is also considered a language that is necessary to learn for anyone planning a career in fields involving science, mathematics, engineering, or international business.
Other foreign languages that are popular to learn in the United States by 2023 include Spanish, Portuguese, Mandarin Chinese, French, Russian, and Italian.
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By 2023, there are still a range of local dialects of English spoken in the different US Caribbean states, though some have faded in terms of use.
In the US Pacific states, including the Ryukyu Islands, local languages are still spoken, though everyone also speaks English.
The analogue in TTL to Floyd Crosby, of the same name, was born on a different date compared to our world. The First Great War began and ended before he was old enough to enlist in the US Army. Crosby served in the US Army in several locations in Occupied Canada after the end of the First Great War. After his discharge from the US military in 1920, he returned to Philadelphia, where he found work in a foundry. Crosby continued to work in a variety of industrial jobs in Philadelphia. Unfortunately, he was killed in the Confederate superbomb attack against Philadelphia in 1944.
Crosby never married Aliph Whitehead, who doesn’t exist in TTL,
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Lee Eastman doesn’t exist TTL. The analogue to his family still lives mostly in New York City by 2023.
Louise Lindner doesn’t exist in TTL. The analogue to the Lindner family lived mostly in Ohio until the Second Great War, when they fled to Pennsylvania during the successful Confederate military conquest of the state in Operation Blackbeard. The family ultimately resettled in New Jersey, where most of the family still lives by 2023.
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