Daniel E. Warburton (1881 - 1962)
Daniel E. Warburton was born in the small town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania in 1881 to a prominent local family. Growing up, Warburton wished to escape the quaint, quiet life of Southern Pennsylvania, and joined the army upon America's entry to the Great War, but saw no active combat. Following the war, Warburton took advantage of various government scholarships available to veterans and earned a law degree from the University of Pennsylvania. After graduating, he earned a reputation as an aggressive and successful prosecutor. Warburton was eventually tapped as the Republican candidate for governor. Though it was a hard fought campaign, Warburton was victorious, and served as Governor of Pennsylvania from 1927 to 1935. During his governorship, he focused on civil service reform in the state, which had begun to earn an unsavory reputation for graft and corruption. Though improving the quality of governance in the state, he was little loved for his efforts, and when he announced that he would be seeking the Republican nomination for President in 1936, many were glad to see him off.
In the summer of 1936, President Zachary T. McKinnis announced that due to his recently diagnosed lung cancer, he would not be seeking re-election and would instead throw his full support behind his Vice President, Edgar D. Glover (1877-1943). Warburton was secretly thrilled, as Glover was reputed to have secretly been involved in several scandals in his home state of Mississippi. Declaring that he was the best candidate to "teach Pennsylvanian virtue to the folks on Pennsylvania Avenue", Warburton narrowly won the Republican nomination and turned his sights towards beating the Democrats in November.
Even with a good message against a back-up candidate, Warburton had an uphill battle. McKinnis had been a popular president, and Glover ran on a message of maintaining the bountiful status quo. But in addition to a dirty reputation, Glover had several racist outbursts fueled by a burgeoning problem with alcoholism. It was enough to turn off swing voters towards the Republicans, and Daniel Warburton became the next President of the United States by a narrow margin.
Though Warburton had won the Presidential race, the down ballot seats in both the House and Senate had gone for the Democrats. Warburton soon found himself faced with and obstinate and occasionally hostile Congress, who took great delight in stonewalling any of the president's policies they could. As he was questioned on the issue of conflict between Congress and the White House at a press conference, he glumly stated that he had been a Lame Duck president from the moment he came into office, giving rise to the nickname 'Ducky', which he bore for the rest of his life.
When his signature pieces of legislation were defeated and the Senate refused to entertain his arguments on the merits of a more interventionist foreign policy, Warburton resigned himself to his fate, and focused on small pieces of legislation that would not be as controversial. These including the construction of several national monuments, the establishment of a great number of national parks, and designating federal holidays. Chief among these were the Great War Memorial in Washington D.C., Pico Duarte National Park in Santo Domingo, and Armistice Day on December 9th.
The Democrats rejoiced that they were able to thwart the President’s agenda. The Speaker of the House glibly remarked "perhaps if we raise enough of a fuss during the next election, he'll give us the White House as well!" Republicans were also furious at his resigned demeanor, with many of the top members of the party considering whether or not they should run someone else in the 1940 election. Though able to stave off any contenders from his own party, Warburton was a damaged nominee and when the Democrats nominated the young and amiable Vernon Kirkman (1898-1981) of Massachusetts, many saw the writing on the wall.
Kirkman dominated the sitting president during the race, and on election day, the result was never in doubt. After Kirkman's inauguration, Warburton returned back home to Gettysburg and resumed his legal practice with his son Thomas for several years before retiring.
Today, Warburton's presidency is often overlooked. Arguable, his greatest legacy may be the many national parks he helped create, which are still found throughout the country.