This. They already had natalist policies, but maybe they could deepen them.
As Justinian said the fertility rate can be increased to about 2.7 and the greatest increase can take place among the people of the Trans Caucasian and the Central Asian Republics an the ethnic minorities in the Russian SFSR and by today Russians may not be the absolute majority of the population and be around 48% of the total population by newer policies. But if we even get a population growth similar to the US we reach ~375 million people with further increase in growth we reach 390 or maybe even 400 million by 2020.
I gues the Soviets will cross the 300 million mark by 2001 and the US will receive fewer immigrants I guess ITTL as the surge from 624 thousand people per year in the 80s to 977 thousand people per year may be slower with President Ross Perot and the new geopolitical situation with no NAFTA and if the US loses 3 million immigrants per decade then they would cross the 300 million mark post 2010 maybe 2012 or 2013.
Why not both. Japanese and Korean cars are vastly more acceptable to the soviet regime than Western ones, and their production techniques are way more interesting. Until the rise of the Internet, I actually would rather look east then west for innovation and tech. I applaud the USAs ability to take it back, but I should stop here not the break the board rules.
TLDR; I don't think you'd need an ASB to check out Japan as a source of innovation over USA
Yes one can obviously turn to Japan for cars. The Suzuki Alto and Suzuki Cultus would make for better cars and give the buyers a choice. The Cultus can retain the 9000 Ruble price tag of the Lada and the Alto can go for about 5000 Rubles. A larger car can be the TATA Estate maybe for 16000 Rubles of instead of that a new variant of the GAZ Volga with different chassis options can be made for a bit higher price. The Zil limousine must be updated for the
Scaling up production numbers hit a problem that is consumer products have little utility to the economy in which money isn't the measure all the time and there has to be shift to a more money based consumption driven economy. And for waiting time we need to remember that buying a car was a large investment in the Soviet Union as the standard Lada or "Zhiguli" costed 9000 Rubles whereas the average income ranged from 1500-3000 Rubles depending on the job. The ZiL-4102 can be the new executive car while the latest Chaika can be the one for the mid to high rank Nomenklatura. The Lada 110/VAZ-2110 can take place of the Cultus if developed in OTL timespan.
Before increasing the production a issue that needs to be addressed is that there were very limited garage spaces provided in apartment buildings OTL after the collapse of the USSR car ownership exploded and suddenly people had nowhere to park their cars. Garage complexes and new apartment buildings with more garages should solve that problem.
And could you please tell me the full form of TLDR that you used in the last line?
Now I am thinking of a soviet formula 1 team
Well let them have a car first, then one might think about racing them and then Formula one in a classic capitalist wastage (I don't mean the game is a wastage but it's advantages will have no beneficial consequences in USSR).
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Improvements that can be made to the Soviet Union include easing the freedom of movement so as to allow people to visit where they want.
If there has to be some sort of transition to be made to capitalism then a good start would be to privatize the tourism industry and allow micro businesses like small farms, cleaning agencies, restaurants, car rentals to operate, followed by allowing private participation in small scale industries and allowing them to grow to medium industries and foreign investment in a limited manner, maybe 49% or even 33% or 26%, (a lower value at 24% or less won't attract investment I guess) can be allowed to gather expertise and hopefully businessmen don't meet the fate of Artyom Tarasov OTL. The State Transportation network also need to adapt itself for the free market.
The main problem is that Gosplan cannot account well enough for the needs of the people which are dynamic in their five year plans so unless they are ready to transition to some degree of free market capitalism the most they can do is to eliminate the lines at the shops, which will also be in the face of opposition requesting investment in free market.