tetsu-katana said:
Reading on Wikipedia, evidently when the Muslims conquered Spain, they left three counties independent- Asturias, Navarre, and Aragon. What might have happened if the Muslims had conquered these three counties instead?
Well, strictly speaking, the Muslims did conquer all of those places. They just couldn't _hold_ them.
What happened, IIRC, was that Asturias revolted on its own (they'd been revolting against the Visigothic rulers before them, too). Aragon was actually formed by Charlemagne, who captured part of Spain (the Spanish marches) and which gave a kick-start to the reconquest.
So I'd say you're looking at two possible PODs:
1. The Moors win the battle/skirmish of Covadonga, and consolidate their hold on Austurias. This settles part of it, but doesn't get rid of Aragon etc, which Charlemagne is still going to form later.
2. Charlemagne somehow fails in the Spanish Marches (unlikely), or gets bogged down elsewhere. This leaves you Atsurias, but not Aragon. Now, how the Reconquista proceeds with only Asturias... that would be an interesting story in itself.