This is the least feasible way, not the most feasible way (given that it took until several years after the war before the US could do this, and the German A-bomb program was years behind that of the US).With a huge number of points of departure, German gets the a bomb before anyone else and develops a delivery system that could be fired by a submarine. I think this the only way to significantly damage US territory without needing a very difficult to defend base far beyond Germany.
As several already have mentioned, the most feasible way is to shell some coastal cities with a U-boat. Not sure what the odds of survival of said U-boat would be after doing it. Significantly damaging the US is just not possible for Germany in WW2. Japan at least had the capacity to attack Pearl Harbor, doing similar damage was impossible for Germany. And even Japan could only do it once with the element of surprise. Other plans they had were not really feasible or did little damage