The Floridas and the Insular territories are full provinces of Spain that have all the rights and responsibilities of such. This state of affairs came about for two reasons: the Insular territories were the oldest Spanish colonies in the Americas, and it was there that colonial reform began to be a large issue. They were integrated into Spain, although later Spanish goveernments would go for a different arrangement for the mainland colonies due to the greater difficulty of administration, especially in northern New Spain. The Floridas were integrated after a series of scandals and economic mismanagment rocked the Captaincy-General government. It was initially going to be integrated into New Spain, but most of the residents (who were recent immigrants from Spain) preferred integration into Spain proper. I don't know enough about the Five Civilised Tribes to comment on them, but they're probably still aroud in some reservations in the Floridas and Georgia. As for Maine, there were OTL British attempts to conquer the area and establish a colony named New Ireland in both the ARW and the War of 1812.My my, the Spanish directly administer Florida and the islands? Well, I suppose it would still be a colony so not like it is getting the rights of the provinces in the homeland, for what little those were. Did we never end up with the Five Civilized Tribes here since the US didn’t control the areas of Mississippi and Alabama? Makes me almost wish that the borders were rounded instead of straight down there. It would be interesting to see those tribes ending up with a respected status (probably with a lot of mestizos down the line), used as border troops against invading American filibusters. Does seem a bit unfair that the British would annex all of Maine, considering they neither claimed all of it nor did New England get too involved in the War of 1812. Then again, I suppose a long line of Virginian Presidents are hardly going to mind losing some New Englander land. And why it has nothing really to do with pods or such, I love how the Indian Buffer state has a slight difference in the northwest borders and does not have that little American exclave around Lake of the Woods.
Come to think think of it, I wonder if the light yellow in the Great Plains is because of high autonomy for the locals or just administrative boundaries so the New Spanish can stay in a couple cities while a couple of the larger tribes raid the smaller ones. I do find it very strange the way Pennsylvania expanded, so I imagine that there must have been some Haudenosaunee/Iroquois entity before or during the revolution here, or the parts unclaimed by Pennsylvania would have been their own state in this United States. I imagine the economy will be a fair bit different here without the ability to dig the canals used IOTL to funnel things from the Great Lakes into the ports at Brooklynn and Manhattan and the other boroughs/former cities around there.
I do wonder on the exact POD for this, which I know you say you are unsure on. Has to be sometime after South Carolina gave up their strip of land to North Carolina, though I suppose they might not have bought of it as too important. A union of Carolinas would be good, but makes sense they do not do it here, as the aristocrats could not want to give up to much influence tot he other. I suppose they would marry into each other enough that the only real issue would be where to locate the capital. Ahhh right, the reason I brought this up was I wondered if States Island still went to New York here. If the split happened before the union broke up, then maybe, but if after then I don’t see the Americans backing down right away unless it involved partial dropping of claims by New York in the West. The part with the Kingdom of the Seven United Netherlands seems a bit off, but I suppose they might just call their provinces that at some point while Finding ways to unify their statholders into one person. Maybe kind of like how so many countries in Africa and the Middle East put Arab in their name or used very similar flags. Lots of other examples in history I am sure, but those were so successful that we don’t even think about how groups unified into one. An yo know, I think this Canada may be quite a bit more French Speaking, as it will be harder for Americans to travel to Ontario and settle there. Depends on how amiable the British are to American settlers. They might not think of them as a threat since they are broken up, and thus let them settle in southern Quebec, with the Americans who would travel to upstate New York ending up there instead. Not that the numbers would be exactly the same, since a lot of the population growth was from farmers having lots of kids.
The lighter yellow in the Great Plains are autonomous native nations (Blackfoot, Sioux, a couple of others). A Haudenosaunee state did exist in the area. As the US encroached on their land, it was added to Pennsylvania becuase the parts unclaimed by that state would have been too underpopulated to make a separate state. The remainder of the Haudenosaunee would end up a British protectorate which you can see on the map southeast of Upper Canada. To make things interesting, Staten Island was occupied by the British in the US-British War and never given back. It initkialy became the most heavily fortified settlement in North America, but things have settled down since the thawing of US-NY-UK relations in the later 19th century.
The Kingdom of the Seven United Netherlands came about when the Orangist faction decisively seized control of the States-General and reformed the Dutch Republic into a kingdom. Without the break in continuity that was the Batavian Republic, the Kingdom of Holland, and the First French Empire, the Orangists just changed the official name of the state from the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands by replacing republic with kingdom. Canada (or ITTL the North American provinces of the United Kingdom) would still recieve immigrants from the US, especially because the that region is more unstable ITTL, For the same reason, a lot of the immigrants that OTL went to the US would find themselves in Canada and New Spain ITTL as well. But the area is probably more Francophone than OTL, maybe enough to make Upper Canada (OTL Ontario) fully bilingual.