Here is my interpretation of the world of the manga/anime Attack on Titan at the beginning of the series.
Footnotes:
1. The Marleyan Empire has recently set up a prison colony for the unwanted on the desolate frozen continent of North Vespecio.
2. The Vespecian Federation was formed by rebelling natives which overthrew the Eldian colonial government before the start of the Great Titan War.
3. The Federation was forced to give independence to Confederation slavers fifty years ago because Marley threatened it with destruction via Titans. It holds a grudge against the Marleyan Empire to this day.
4. The lush tropical continent of Europa was conquered entirely by Marley a decade ago with their titan powers, airships, and machine guns. The native Europans have since been forcibly civilized and assimilated into Marley.
5. The island of Albios, just recently conquered, has been particularly troublesome for Marley. A pilot named Onyankopon has organized mass non-violent resistance to the Marleyans, only for them to respond with lethal force.
6. Eldian internment zones on the Marleyan coast. Eldians on the mainland are kept separated from the Marleyan population as they are seen as an evil, inferior race. Liberio, the southernmost internment zone, is also the most populous of them.
7. The empire of Marley. Formerly conquered by the Eldian Empire, they rebelled against Eldia a hundred years ago during the Great Titan War and have since stolen the power of the Titans from Eldia. Despite claiming that they will not be as evil as Eldia was, their recent conquests and wars have shown the world that Marley is just as bad as the old Eldian Empire.
8. The last Eldian king and millions of his subjects fled to Paradis Island to live a peaceful life behind the walls. Ashamed of their evil past, the last Eldian King wiped his subjects of all their memories of the outside world to ensure that the Eldian Empire could never rise again.
9. Marley controls a port on southern Paradis, where they turn dissenting Eldians into monstrous Titans. This also serves a double purpose to guarantee that the Eldians behind the walls can never leave as they are besieged by thousands of Titans everyday.
10. The Middle Eastern Alliance. Formed by several nations which fear Marleyan conquest. The nation of Jokos in particular wants their island back, as it was illegally annexed by Marley.
11. The jungles to the south have not been explored yet, as conditions are too dangerous. In the interior of the jungle, a native empire worships a captured Titan which had wandered deep into the jungle a hundred years before.
12. The continent of Orialios was once dominated by Hizuru, an ally of the Eldian Empire. Hizuru has since left the continent completely, with many wars breaking out across the continent between new states which formed.
13. The nation of Hizuru. Once a superpower allied to Eldia, it was forced to give independence to most of its territory in the aftermath of the Great Titan War. It is mostly isolationist nowadays.