This is a beautiful map, but how could Portugal fill up that much land that quickly when there are no major gold deposits or other resources there that would have been discovered quickly enough to justify immigration? Japanese America is a stretch, but I could see it happening due to the gold and silver in California and Mexico. I guess my question is this: what are the Portuguese colonies in America like that they could effectively control THAT MUCH LAND in the early 1700's, when OTL it took forever to settle?
Oh they have'nt settled all of it, rather it's land that is legally part of Portugal, like (before the Western Settlement) how all of the Louisiana Territory was part of America, even though their were very few people their.
That said, their have been ITTL a large influx of Portuguese and Galician (and to a lesser degree from other parts of Europe) immigrants over the centuries (Portugal began colonizing in the Americas in 1510) to the point that population wise Portuguese America has about 3.8 million Europeans by the time of the map.
I could see Neo-Platonism making a slight revival, or at least having the kind of influence on India that Daoism and Buddhism have had on the West, but as far as proselytization goes I can't see any of those religions having any more success than the Ottomans did with Islam. By the point of the POD the culture of the Balkans was Byzantine and Orthodox enough that I don't think the people there would take too kindly to pagan missionaries.
The Ottomans are perhaps not the best example since, they did manage to get a good chunk of the Balkans Muslim, and that's not even accounting the parts of Southern Greece that were Albanian.
Anyways, the proselytziing is itself primarily in Hindustan's actual colonies (Greece and that coastal strip of Anatolia), though of course the only places that the Dharmic religions make-up a majority are the Hindi city-ports.