Technically the Progressive Party had folded by Williams' term, but I guess it could've been refounded.
McKinley Makes It!
McKinley survives his assassination attempt, and fulfils his full term.
1896: William McKinley / Garret Hobart (Republican)
1899: William McKinley / Theodore Roosevelt (Republican) [1]
1900: William McKinley / Theodore Roosevelt (Republican) [2]
1904: Alton B. Parker / James R. Williams (Democrat) [3]
1908: James R. Williams / Thomas C. Catchings (Democrat) [4]
1912: Albert B. Cummins / Henry Allen Cooper (Republican) [5]
1916: Albert B. Cummins / Henry Allen Cooper (Republican) [6]
1920: Joseph T. Robinson / Fred H. Brown (Democratic) [7]
1924: Joseph T. Robinson / Fred H. Brown (Democratic) [8]
1928: Robert M. La Follette Sr. / Francis E. McGovern (Republican) [9]
[1] Despite the reluctance of Roosevelt to hold the Vice Presidential position after the death of Hobart, the McKinley administration was particuarly successful in foreign policy. A decisive victory against Spain secured the independence of Cuba, and the increasing American influence in China was lauded as Republican strength overseas and economically. As a result, the Republicans remained popular into the 1900 election.
[2] McKinley and Roosevelt were re-elected (despite a previous assassination attempt on the President's life) and whilst Roosevelt remained dissatisfied with the Vice Presidency, he was already planning to run in four years after McKinley's likely retirement and worked to build a strong profile while McKinley was in office.
[3] Roosevelt's announcement to run for President was not met with great cheer by many of the party bosses, and despite everything lost the primary to Charles Fairbanks. Rankled, he attempted to run as an independent by breaking the Progressive wing of the GOP away in this effort. This split allowed the Democrats (previously riddled by factionalism) to win with the traditionalist Alton B. Parker who had been paired with Bryan-supporter and friend James R. Williams.
[4] As the Progressive experiment collapsed, the Democrats performed well in the 1908 election. Furthermore, the dominance of Bourbon Democrats within the party continued the administration's pro-business attitude. Parker was dropped from the ticket after a series of poor performances, and after his comfortable victory Williams took over the Presidency. (Thomas C. Catchings - a prominent southern Bourbon - took the Vice Presidency). The Philippines were placed under a semi-independent protectorate, and the United States (despite many cries from both parties) became increasingly interventionist.
[5] With the Democrats rallied around a potential second term for Williams, the Republican nomination of Cummins and Cooper marked a move away from the core of conservative members. With Roosevelt refusing to stand for the party (and instead away on exploits throughout South America) the Republicans swept to a surprisingly-large victory. However, with the outbreak of war in Europe in 1914 Cummins would attempt to maintain neutrality. This was only broken after the continuation of unrestricted naval warfare by the Germans, and fears that Mexico could enter on the side of the Grand Powers.
[6] The War comes to America as Mexico reveals to the US of Germany's proposal to go to war on behalf of the Central Powers, the Unites States is galvanized and goes to war in 1915, freeing up the British on the seas, and securing Cummins a second term.
[7] Despite victory in the war, America found the transition to a peacetime economy to be a rocky one. Strikes erupted across the country. An anarchist would-be-assassin almost killed President Cummins, who announced that he would not seek renomination. Following former Vice President Roosevelt's death, the progressives in the Republican Party struggled to unite behind a candidate. This permitted a resurgence in the conservative movement - particuarly in the face of all the domestic chaos and their nomination of Calvin Coolidge of Massachusetts. The Democrats nominated Joseph T. Robinson of Arkansas, who was one of the leading progressives in their party but also popular enough with Southern conservatives. Robinson would go on to defeat Coolidge in one of the closest elections in American history.
[8] President Robinson was re-elected with 46% of the popular vote, but a landslide in the electoral college due to the Progressive candidacy of Robert LaFollette that hurt the Republican ticket. Progressive Republicans also run in the constituencies of incumbent conservative republicans in Congress and the Senate, and this helped in providing a strong Democratic majority in both chambers.
[9] After the Democratic dominance of the decade, the unification of the Progressive Republican and the conventional GOP was welcomed in many circles. Follette, well-respected for his actions in healing the divide, was nominated in a bid to try and steal back some of the centrists from the Democrats. The Republican term was hampered by narrow majorities in the House, but by 1930 (and the introduction of the new National Domestic Economy Bill) the right once again sought the division of the Republicans. Follette, popular amongst a public growing increasingly antagonistic towards the divisive rightist politicians, had a difficult decision in 1932. After a narrow failure to secure the Republican nomination, the President was adopted by the growing Federated Farmer-Labor Party (FFLP). The group sought the unification of all non-Communist populist parties, and Follette - embittered by the squabbling of the GOP despite all his best efforts - jumped at the chance.
McKinley Makes It!
McKinley survives his assassination attempt, and fulfils his full term.
1896: William McKinley / Garret Hobart (Republican)
1899: William McKinley / Theodore Roosevelt (Republican) [1]
1900: William McKinley / Theodore Roosevelt (Republican) [2]
1904: Alton B. Parker / James R. Williams (Democrat) [3]
1908: James R. Williams / Thomas C. Catchings (Democrat) [4]
1912: Albert B. Cummins / Henry Allen Cooper (Republican) [5]
1916: Albert B. Cummins / Henry Allen Cooper (Republican) [6]
1920: Joseph T. Robinson / Fred H. Brown (Democratic) [7]
1924: Joseph T. Robinson / Fred H. Brown (Democratic) [8]
1928: Robert M. La Follette Sr. / Francis E. McGovern (Republican) [9]
[1] Despite the reluctance of Roosevelt to hold the Vice Presidential position after the death of Hobart, the McKinley administration was particuarly successful in foreign policy. A decisive victory against Spain secured the independence of Cuba, and the increasing American influence in China was lauded as Republican strength overseas and economically. As a result, the Republicans remained popular into the 1900 election.
[2] McKinley and Roosevelt were re-elected (despite a previous assassination attempt on the President's life) and whilst Roosevelt remained dissatisfied with the Vice Presidency, he was already planning to run in four years after McKinley's likely retirement and worked to build a strong profile while McKinley was in office.
[3] Roosevelt's announcement to run for President was not met with great cheer by many of the party bosses, and despite everything lost the primary to Charles Fairbanks. Rankled, he attempted to run as an independent by breaking the Progressive wing of the GOP away in this effort. This split allowed the Democrats (previously riddled by factionalism) to win with the traditionalist Alton B. Parker who had been paired with Bryan-supporter and friend James R. Williams.
[4] As the Progressive experiment collapsed, the Democrats performed well in the 1908 election. Furthermore, the dominance of Bourbon Democrats within the party continued the administration's pro-business attitude. Parker was dropped from the ticket after a series of poor performances, and after his comfortable victory Williams took over the Presidency. (Thomas C. Catchings - a prominent southern Bourbon - took the Vice Presidency). The Philippines were placed under a semi-independent protectorate, and the United States (despite many cries from both parties) became increasingly interventionist.
[5] With the Democrats rallied around a potential second term for Williams, the Republican nomination of Cummins and Cooper marked a move away from the core of conservative members. With Roosevelt refusing to stand for the party (and instead away on exploits throughout South America) the Republicans swept to a surprisingly-large victory. However, with the outbreak of war in Europe in 1914 Cummins would attempt to maintain neutrality. This was only broken after the continuation of unrestricted naval warfare by the Germans, and fears that Mexico could enter on the side of the Grand Powers.
[6] The War comes to America as Mexico reveals to the US of Germany's proposal to go to war on behalf of the Central Powers, the Unites States is galvanized and goes to war in 1915, freeing up the British on the seas, and securing Cummins a second term.
[7] Despite victory in the war, America found the transition to a peacetime economy to be a rocky one. Strikes erupted across the country. An anarchist would-be-assassin almost killed President Cummins, who announced that he would not seek renomination. Following former Vice President Roosevelt's death, the progressives in the Republican Party struggled to unite behind a candidate. This permitted a resurgence in the conservative movement - particuarly in the face of all the domestic chaos and their nomination of Calvin Coolidge of Massachusetts. The Democrats nominated Joseph T. Robinson of Arkansas, who was one of the leading progressives in their party but also popular enough with Southern conservatives. Robinson would go on to defeat Coolidge in one of the closest elections in American history.
[8] President Robinson was re-elected with 46% of the popular vote, but a landslide in the electoral college due to the Progressive candidacy of Robert LaFollette that hurt the Republican ticket. Progressive Republicans also run in the constituencies of incumbent conservative republicans in Congress and the Senate, and this helped in providing a strong Democratic majority in both chambers.
[9] After the Democratic dominance of the decade, the unification of the Progressive Republican and the conventional GOP was welcomed in many circles. Follette, well-respected for his actions in healing the divide, was nominated in a bid to try and steal back some of the centrists from the Democrats. The Republican term was hampered by narrow majorities in the House, but by 1930 (and the introduction of the new National Domestic Economy Bill) the right once again sought the division of the Republicans. Follette, popular amongst a public growing increasingly antagonistic towards the divisive rightist politicians, had a difficult decision in 1932. After a narrow failure to secure the Republican nomination, the President was adopted by the growing Federated Farmer-Labor Party (FFLP). The group sought the unification of all non-Communist populist parties, and Follette - embittered by the squabbling of the GOP despite all his best efforts - jumped at the chance.