Post-Jacobite Britain, Part Two: 1863-
1863: John Fremont (Commonwealth - National Government)[1]
1865: James Onedin (Constitutional Democrat caretaker government) [2]
1868: James Onedin (Constitutional Democrat-New Whig Coalition) [3]
1871: Judah P. Benjamin (Constitutional Democrat-New Whig Coalition) [4]
1876: Hippolyte Bernheim (Progressive) [5]
1880: Allan Quartermain: (New Whig-Constitutional Democrat Coaliton) [6]
1883: Grover Cleveland (Constitutional Democrat-Commonwealth-Coalition)
1887: Phileas Fogg (Reform) [7]
1892: Edmund Wedgewood-Babbage (Reform) [8]
1898: Alfred Marshall, 1st Earl Clapham (Reform) [9]
1903: Alfred Marshall, Prefect for North Yorkshire (Reform) [10]
1905: John Neville Keynes, Prefect for Salisbury (Reform) [11]
1908: John Neville Keynes, Prefect for Salisbury (Reform with Democratic Labour support) [12]
1912: Archibald Gracie IV (Libertarian with New Whig and Independent Support) [13]
1916: Archibald Gracie IV (Libertarian) [14]
1921: Noah Ablett (Reform) [15]
1925: Nathaniel E. Rockefeller, Prefect for Manchester (Libertarian) [16]
1930: Nathaniel E. Rockefeller, Prefect for Manchester (Libertarian) [17]
[1] When a French ship fired on a British trawler, Fremont saw his chance. War allowed him to invoke special executive powers. Which allowed him to force through his policy of Reconstruction...
[2] With the Empire on the verge of civil war and in light of Fremont's abuse of his constitutional powers, Queen Zoe takes the unprecedented step of dismissing Femont's government and placing the Constitutional Democrats, who appoint the young but ambitious Liverpludian MP James Onedin (no prizes for guessing who this PM is
) to lead a caretaker government until the war is concluded. However, the dismissal is not popular, with Fremont and his supporters declaring the move illegal and the abolitionists claiming a conspiracy. Meanwhile, with the French regime in control of much of western europe, rumours begin to spread that the French are beginning to experiment with poison gas in Algeria as a way of brining about a "Final Solution" to the so called Jewish Question, but so far, these are just rumours...
[3] Onedin returns to power, promising to contain France, and restrict any further advances while promising to bring peace. However, he was forced to forge an alliance with Palmerston's New Whigs. Fremont leads his Radical Alliance in loud opposition, and co-ordinates the British Freedonian Colonisation Society. The BFCS aims to establish a free black colony called South Freedonia, and a colony composed of Jews taken off France's hands in a colony called North Freedonia, both in Africa. A lot of Jews had made their way to Britain from France and Prussia, causing widespread ethnic tension. Of course, a lot had been left in France, just as toxin research in Algeria came to fruition.
[4] On the 21st August 1870, the so called Second World War came to an end when the French, the Prussians, the Russians (who foolishly joined in later) and the Ottomans were defeated by the Anglo-American, Austrian, Scandinavian and Polish Alliance. With the war over, Onedin retires and calls an election, which the Constitutional Democrat - New Whig coalition, led by Judah P. Benjamin, wins again. Meanwhile, the legacy of the dismissal and the war leads to the old Commonwealth Party to decline in support rapidly. As a result, the remaining Commonwealth MP's and many Republicans and other Radical Independents join the new Democratic Labour Party, led by former Fremont accolade Peter Lalor and inspired by the ideas of the Prussian Refugee Karl Marx. Democratic Labour now becomes the main opposition party, while the more moderate remaining members of the Commonwealth Party change their name to the Progressive Party and attempt to steer a third way against the Coalition and Democratic Labour. In Europe, the continent, devastated by decades of war and revolution, looks forward to a new era of peace and material progress and a result of the Industrial Revolution. However, the rise of heavy industry has also led to the ideas of Marx and other radicals becoming popular with the new working class and with many others as a means of rebuilding society.
[5] Hippolyte Berheim, a Jewish migrant from Organicist France, finally cut out the dying institution of slavery to muted opposition. Over the ten years since the start of the last war, industrialisation outcompeted inefficient chattel slavery, and Bernheim was able to complete both Benjamin's economic and Fremont's social policies. Bernheim's sweeping changes, extending many rights to those formerly excluded leads to him being hailed as the new Napoleon.
[6] The Constitutional Democrats begin to experience a decline their support, so much so that by the next election they are the junior partner in the Coalition. The New Whigs, under explorer and adventurer Allan Quartermain, subsequently become ruling party when they win the 1880 election. Meanwhile, with the war over, the European powers begin to seriously colonize Asia and Africa as a way of both rejuvenating their economies after the wars and for national glory. The biggest colonizers so far are the Empire, the Scandinavians, the Poles, Dutch, Portuguese as well as the newly democratic and revitalized France, which is keen to distance itself from it's recent past.
[7] Former Director of Her Majesty's Secret Service and Secretary of State for Commonwealth and Foreign Affairs in Judah Benjamin and Allan Quartermain's governments manages to merge the Progressive and New Whig parties at a convention in Birmingham and leads the party to a comfortable victory in 1887 after the CD-Com. coalition breaks down. Following the assassination of 7 imperial diplomats in Kyoto in the spring of 1889, Prime Minister Fogg declares that the Empire of Nippon is too unstable for self-rule and invades the isolationist nation with Scandinavian support. Nippon is duly colonized with Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery, being appointed Viceroy of Nippon in 1892. As a gesture for their support in the Anglo-Nipponese War, Scandinavia is given the port city of Yokohama, which is renamed Österborg by the Scandinavians.
[8] Grandson of analytical pioneer Charles Babbage, second-term MP for Mid-Sussex, Edmund Wedgewood-Babbage deftly navigates the British Empire through the Nippon Bubble and ensuing financial panic. Though it's an ongoing struggle against vested interests, moves are made to restructure the Imperial Economy along Radical-Scientific lines, with substantial investment in the burgeoning 'serial labour' industries of steel, mechanical calculation, and the motor car. Meanwhile, the Viceroy of Aegypt begins working on plans to flood, then dam, the Qatarra Depression.
[9] As Wedgewood-Babbage's Chancellor of the Exchequer and the architect of the economic reforms, Lord Clapham is the natural successor to become Prime Minister when the young (only 39 years of age) Wedgewood-Babbage unexpectedly retires from politics in 1898 following Queen Zoe's Platinum Jubilee, declaring that although he is proud of his service to the Empire, he believes that he can serve her better by returning to the Professor's desk at Cambridge and continue his work as a mathematician and analytical engineer. Lord Clapham greatly reforms the empire, setting up the Ministry of Imperial Finances and Ministry of Imperial Trade, as well as constructing the great Palace of Economic Affairs in South Kensington to house these departments and the great analytical engines their work require. His greatest achievement, however, is the reformation of the House of Lords into the Senate of Britannia.
[10] Standing as a Prefect for North Yorkshire, after the creation of the Senate, Marshall regained his title as PM. Wedgewood-Babbage created the Babbage Balloon in 1900, an airship outfitted with new and innovative engines that made travel across the British Empire much easier. The American Provinces grew much closer to Britain during this time, and a new economic boom started. However, storm clouds swole over the horizon, as clashes with the Italian Empire's ambitions in Africa reach new heights.
[11] While on a trip to the Imperial Colony of Aegypt in 1905 Marshall requires a rather severe case of typhus and finds himself incapable of fulfilling his duties as Prime Minister. He resigns leadership of the Reform Party, and his premiership and retires to the country, where he after several months makes a recovery, though he declines to reenter politics. He is succeeded by the Imperial Minister for Trade, John N. Keynes, as Prime Minister. 1908, the year of the scheduled election, turns out quite bad for Mr. Keynes: Italy invades the Kingdom of Libya and declares it an Italian colony, and Queen Zoe dies at the age of 96. There is a rise of conservative populism in reaction to these events, and the new parliament becomes hung, as the Constitutional Conservative Party (the successor of the Constitutional Democrats) secures 79 seats. Mr. Keynes is forced to rely on the main opposition party, Democratic Labour, in order to remain in power. As part of the deal, Mr. Keynes introduces the Imperial Pensions System.
[13] The 24 years of Refrom Party rule finally comes to an end at the 1912 election. By this time, the old Constitutional Democrats were long dead and the New Whigs support and slowed to a trickle. As a result, the relatively new Libertarian (which ITTL has roughly the same meaning as Classical Liberal) Party, under Archibald Gracie IV, with some New Whig and conservative independent support win the election, campianging against the "Socialist/Scientist Dictatorship" of the Reform Parties large Imperial beuacracy while also promising to oppose the increasing red violence engulfing the Austrian Empire and other parts of europe.
Meanwhile, Greater Britain has truly reached it's zenith, now with an almost complete strip of British Colonies running up the length of Africa to add to thier colonies in India, the east and west indies aswell as the Porvinces in America and Oceania aswell as the Cape.
[14] Appointed Austrian immigrant Ludwig von Mises Imperial Minister of Trade in early 1917.
[15] Ablett was propelled into power as the Babbage-Wedgewood Industrial Company designed and built the Extra-Atmospheric Exploration Pod, under the auspices of Professors Henry Cavor and Artemus Gordon. This lead to an upsurge in scientific optimism, as people looked to the stars to Britain's future. The Babbage Balloon and the E-AEP became the bases of a new era of industrial expansion, allowing Abbet to swing the votes of the industrial working class into the Reform Party's Sciencist policies.
[16] Anglo-American billionaire businessman and philanthropist Nathaniel E. Rockefeller is drafted to become leader of the Libertarian Party, which a moved Rockefeller humbly accepts at the party convention in 1923. Though he lacks the raw charisma and oratory skills of Noah Ablett, Rockefeller manages to win the trust of much of the electorate the Libertarian Party lost in 1921, and in the election of 1925, the Libertarian Party manages to secure a comfortable victory in the House of Commons, though they have to rely upon Constitutional Conservative support in the Senate. Under his premiership, in 1926, the Austrian Revolution occurs, leading to the establishment of the Confederation of German Socialist Republics.
[17] Rockefeller lead Britain through the German Crisis, as the CGSR fought a three-way civil war against Rathenau's NatLibs and Schickelgruber's NatSocs. Rockefeller's attempts to prevent the NatSocs from using Prussia as a base of operations lead to many British deaths, and was deeply unpopular with a public unaccustomed to war. Oswald Mosley and Charles Lindbergh worked together to create the Britain First Party which called for not concerning themselves with a war which did not concern them. Deep down though, both men admired Schickelgruber and harboured anti-Semitic views.
1863: John Fremont (Commonwealth - National Government)[1]
1865: James Onedin (Constitutional Democrat caretaker government) [2]
1868: James Onedin (Constitutional Democrat-New Whig Coalition) [3]
1871: Judah P. Benjamin (Constitutional Democrat-New Whig Coalition) [4]
1876: Hippolyte Bernheim (Progressive) [5]
1880: Allan Quartermain: (New Whig-Constitutional Democrat Coaliton) [6]
1883: Grover Cleveland (Constitutional Democrat-Commonwealth-Coalition)
1887: Phileas Fogg (Reform) [7]
1892: Edmund Wedgewood-Babbage (Reform) [8]
1898: Alfred Marshall, 1st Earl Clapham (Reform) [9]
1903: Alfred Marshall, Prefect for North Yorkshire (Reform) [10]
1905: John Neville Keynes, Prefect for Salisbury (Reform) [11]
1908: John Neville Keynes, Prefect for Salisbury (Reform with Democratic Labour support) [12]
1912: Archibald Gracie IV (Libertarian with New Whig and Independent Support) [13]
1916: Archibald Gracie IV (Libertarian) [14]
1921: Noah Ablett (Reform) [15]
1925: Nathaniel E. Rockefeller, Prefect for Manchester (Libertarian) [16]
1930: Nathaniel E. Rockefeller, Prefect for Manchester (Libertarian) [17]
[1] When a French ship fired on a British trawler, Fremont saw his chance. War allowed him to invoke special executive powers. Which allowed him to force through his policy of Reconstruction...
[2] With the Empire on the verge of civil war and in light of Fremont's abuse of his constitutional powers, Queen Zoe takes the unprecedented step of dismissing Femont's government and placing the Constitutional Democrats, who appoint the young but ambitious Liverpludian MP James Onedin (no prizes for guessing who this PM is
) to lead a caretaker government until the war is concluded. However, the dismissal is not popular, with Fremont and his supporters declaring the move illegal and the abolitionists claiming a conspiracy. Meanwhile, with the French regime in control of much of western europe, rumours begin to spread that the French are beginning to experiment with poison gas in Algeria as a way of brining about a "Final Solution" to the so called Jewish Question, but so far, these are just rumours...[3] Onedin returns to power, promising to contain France, and restrict any further advances while promising to bring peace. However, he was forced to forge an alliance with Palmerston's New Whigs. Fremont leads his Radical Alliance in loud opposition, and co-ordinates the British Freedonian Colonisation Society. The BFCS aims to establish a free black colony called South Freedonia, and a colony composed of Jews taken off France's hands in a colony called North Freedonia, both in Africa. A lot of Jews had made their way to Britain from France and Prussia, causing widespread ethnic tension. Of course, a lot had been left in France, just as toxin research in Algeria came to fruition.
[4] On the 21st August 1870, the so called Second World War came to an end when the French, the Prussians, the Russians (who foolishly joined in later) and the Ottomans were defeated by the Anglo-American, Austrian, Scandinavian and Polish Alliance. With the war over, Onedin retires and calls an election, which the Constitutional Democrat - New Whig coalition, led by Judah P. Benjamin, wins again. Meanwhile, the legacy of the dismissal and the war leads to the old Commonwealth Party to decline in support rapidly. As a result, the remaining Commonwealth MP's and many Republicans and other Radical Independents join the new Democratic Labour Party, led by former Fremont accolade Peter Lalor and inspired by the ideas of the Prussian Refugee Karl Marx. Democratic Labour now becomes the main opposition party, while the more moderate remaining members of the Commonwealth Party change their name to the Progressive Party and attempt to steer a third way against the Coalition and Democratic Labour. In Europe, the continent, devastated by decades of war and revolution, looks forward to a new era of peace and material progress and a result of the Industrial Revolution. However, the rise of heavy industry has also led to the ideas of Marx and other radicals becoming popular with the new working class and with many others as a means of rebuilding society.
[5] Hippolyte Berheim, a Jewish migrant from Organicist France, finally cut out the dying institution of slavery to muted opposition. Over the ten years since the start of the last war, industrialisation outcompeted inefficient chattel slavery, and Bernheim was able to complete both Benjamin's economic and Fremont's social policies. Bernheim's sweeping changes, extending many rights to those formerly excluded leads to him being hailed as the new Napoleon.
[6] The Constitutional Democrats begin to experience a decline their support, so much so that by the next election they are the junior partner in the Coalition. The New Whigs, under explorer and adventurer Allan Quartermain, subsequently become ruling party when they win the 1880 election. Meanwhile, with the war over, the European powers begin to seriously colonize Asia and Africa as a way of both rejuvenating their economies after the wars and for national glory. The biggest colonizers so far are the Empire, the Scandinavians, the Poles, Dutch, Portuguese as well as the newly democratic and revitalized France, which is keen to distance itself from it's recent past.
[7] Former Director of Her Majesty's Secret Service and Secretary of State for Commonwealth and Foreign Affairs in Judah Benjamin and Allan Quartermain's governments manages to merge the Progressive and New Whig parties at a convention in Birmingham and leads the party to a comfortable victory in 1887 after the CD-Com. coalition breaks down. Following the assassination of 7 imperial diplomats in Kyoto in the spring of 1889, Prime Minister Fogg declares that the Empire of Nippon is too unstable for self-rule and invades the isolationist nation with Scandinavian support. Nippon is duly colonized with Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery, being appointed Viceroy of Nippon in 1892. As a gesture for their support in the Anglo-Nipponese War, Scandinavia is given the port city of Yokohama, which is renamed Österborg by the Scandinavians.
[8] Grandson of analytical pioneer Charles Babbage, second-term MP for Mid-Sussex, Edmund Wedgewood-Babbage deftly navigates the British Empire through the Nippon Bubble and ensuing financial panic. Though it's an ongoing struggle against vested interests, moves are made to restructure the Imperial Economy along Radical-Scientific lines, with substantial investment in the burgeoning 'serial labour' industries of steel, mechanical calculation, and the motor car. Meanwhile, the Viceroy of Aegypt begins working on plans to flood, then dam, the Qatarra Depression.
[9] As Wedgewood-Babbage's Chancellor of the Exchequer and the architect of the economic reforms, Lord Clapham is the natural successor to become Prime Minister when the young (only 39 years of age) Wedgewood-Babbage unexpectedly retires from politics in 1898 following Queen Zoe's Platinum Jubilee, declaring that although he is proud of his service to the Empire, he believes that he can serve her better by returning to the Professor's desk at Cambridge and continue his work as a mathematician and analytical engineer. Lord Clapham greatly reforms the empire, setting up the Ministry of Imperial Finances and Ministry of Imperial Trade, as well as constructing the great Palace of Economic Affairs in South Kensington to house these departments and the great analytical engines their work require. His greatest achievement, however, is the reformation of the House of Lords into the Senate of Britannia.
[10] Standing as a Prefect for North Yorkshire, after the creation of the Senate, Marshall regained his title as PM. Wedgewood-Babbage created the Babbage Balloon in 1900, an airship outfitted with new and innovative engines that made travel across the British Empire much easier. The American Provinces grew much closer to Britain during this time, and a new economic boom started. However, storm clouds swole over the horizon, as clashes with the Italian Empire's ambitions in Africa reach new heights.
[11] While on a trip to the Imperial Colony of Aegypt in 1905 Marshall requires a rather severe case of typhus and finds himself incapable of fulfilling his duties as Prime Minister. He resigns leadership of the Reform Party, and his premiership and retires to the country, where he after several months makes a recovery, though he declines to reenter politics. He is succeeded by the Imperial Minister for Trade, John N. Keynes, as Prime Minister. 1908, the year of the scheduled election, turns out quite bad for Mr. Keynes: Italy invades the Kingdom of Libya and declares it an Italian colony, and Queen Zoe dies at the age of 96. There is a rise of conservative populism in reaction to these events, and the new parliament becomes hung, as the Constitutional Conservative Party (the successor of the Constitutional Democrats) secures 79 seats. Mr. Keynes is forced to rely on the main opposition party, Democratic Labour, in order to remain in power. As part of the deal, Mr. Keynes introduces the Imperial Pensions System.
[13] The 24 years of Refrom Party rule finally comes to an end at the 1912 election. By this time, the old Constitutional Democrats were long dead and the New Whigs support and slowed to a trickle. As a result, the relatively new Libertarian (which ITTL has roughly the same meaning as Classical Liberal) Party, under Archibald Gracie IV, with some New Whig and conservative independent support win the election, campianging against the "Socialist/Scientist Dictatorship" of the Reform Parties large Imperial beuacracy while also promising to oppose the increasing red violence engulfing the Austrian Empire and other parts of europe.
Meanwhile, Greater Britain has truly reached it's zenith, now with an almost complete strip of British Colonies running up the length of Africa to add to thier colonies in India, the east and west indies aswell as the Porvinces in America and Oceania aswell as the Cape.
[14] Appointed Austrian immigrant Ludwig von Mises Imperial Minister of Trade in early 1917.
[15] Ablett was propelled into power as the Babbage-Wedgewood Industrial Company designed and built the Extra-Atmospheric Exploration Pod, under the auspices of Professors Henry Cavor and Artemus Gordon. This lead to an upsurge in scientific optimism, as people looked to the stars to Britain's future. The Babbage Balloon and the E-AEP became the bases of a new era of industrial expansion, allowing Abbet to swing the votes of the industrial working class into the Reform Party's Sciencist policies.
[16] Anglo-American billionaire businessman and philanthropist Nathaniel E. Rockefeller is drafted to become leader of the Libertarian Party, which a moved Rockefeller humbly accepts at the party convention in 1923. Though he lacks the raw charisma and oratory skills of Noah Ablett, Rockefeller manages to win the trust of much of the electorate the Libertarian Party lost in 1921, and in the election of 1925, the Libertarian Party manages to secure a comfortable victory in the House of Commons, though they have to rely upon Constitutional Conservative support in the Senate. Under his premiership, in 1926, the Austrian Revolution occurs, leading to the establishment of the Confederation of German Socialist Republics.
[17] Rockefeller lead Britain through the German Crisis, as the CGSR fought a three-way civil war against Rathenau's NatLibs and Schickelgruber's NatSocs. Rockefeller's attempts to prevent the NatSocs from using Prussia as a base of operations lead to many British deaths, and was deeply unpopular with a public unaccustomed to war. Oswald Mosley and Charles Lindbergh worked together to create the Britain First Party which called for not concerning themselves with a war which did not concern them. Deep down though, both men admired Schickelgruber and harboured anti-Semitic views.