Funny thing is, Buddhism isn't even that popular in India right now.
China's the biggest difference I can think of off the top of my head-- I just (as in less than a week ago) did a small research paper on Buddhism in China, and what struck me was how varying was Buddhism's luck there. It's gone through so many cycles of growth, establishment, and repression there that I can't think of a good metaphor or anything to finish the sentence with.
Anyways, Buddhism definitely influenced Chinese schools of thought, having played a role in philosophical thought and debate through much of the latter half of the first millennia AD, not to mention its contributions to medicine and politics. Why, if not for Buddhism I'd suspect the Northern Wei dynasty wouldn't have lasted nearly as long as it did in OTL.