Historically, England was able to defeat Afghanistan and ensure it would serve as an effective buffer state against the Russians, helping to check their expansion.
So, suppose things go rather worse for the English and they are unable to gain any concessions from the Afghan government. However, without any arrangement to prop up the Amir, it is unlikely Afghanistan could have centralized to the extent it did, preventing it from organizing into the effective buffer state it would later become.
So, what would an unconquered but fractured Afghanistan do to the Great Game as the 1880s went on?
So, suppose things go rather worse for the English and they are unable to gain any concessions from the Afghan government. However, without any arrangement to prop up the Amir, it is unlikely Afghanistan could have centralized to the extent it did, preventing it from organizing into the effective buffer state it would later become.
So, what would an unconquered but fractured Afghanistan do to the Great Game as the 1880s went on?