The
2010 Australian federal election was held on Saturday 13 February, following the granting of a double dissolution on 8 January by the Governor-General Quentin Bryce. Consequently, all 150 seats in the House of Representatives as well as all 76 seats in the Senate were up for election to the 43rd Parliament of Australia. It was the first double dissolution election since the 1987 election. The incumbent Australian Labor Party, led by Prime Minister Kevin Rudd, defeated the opposition Liberal Party of Australia, led by Tony Abbott and the National Party of Australia led by Warren Truss.
(**
POD**) Following the success in securing a binding global agreement on climate change at Copenhagen, Rudd made the decision to implement an emissions trading scheme (ETS), sparking an advantageous rise in his popularity. According to
Newspoll, the government gained nearly a million voters in a fortnight. The shift in Rudd's personal fortunes reduced concerns amongst some members of caucus about his leadership, and any discussions regarding the same dissipated immediately.
There was soon heightened speculation that Rudd might call an early election considering that the Senate's second rejection of the government's climate change legislation on 2 December 2009 provided the government with grounds to dissolve both Houses and call an early election if it so wished. Rudd soon confirmed such speculation, announcing the early election on 8 January 2010 by stating that it was his "strong and continuing resolve to serve the people, and the best way that we can do so is to give them their voice".
Rudd's election announcement on 8 January gave parties and candidates a five-week campaign period before polling day on 13 February. Candidates immediately embarked on a flurry of activity, but the major parties did not officially launch their campaigns until several weeks later. Abbott launched the Liberal Party's campaign at the Queensland Performing Arts Centre in Brisbane on 31 January. Rudd launched Labor's campaign a week later on 8 February.
Nevertheless, Rudd was in full campaign mode from the 8 January announcement. At the start of the campaign,
Newspoll revealed an extremely positive disposition towards Rudd, with 60 per cent preferring him as prime minister as against 23 per cent for Tony Abbott, and Labor leading the Coalition 56 to 44 per cent on a two-party preferred basis. The same poll showed a closer gap after the first week of campaigning, with Labor at 54 per cent to the Coalition's 46 per cent on a two-party-preferred vote possibly due in part to voters turning against Rudd's introduction of the campaign slogan "Standing Up for Australia" during his election announcement — a slogan that attracted ridicule for seeming to be patronising. The media rebuked Rudd for using the phrase "standing up" 24 times in five minutes, forcing Labor's campaign strategists to spend time defending the slogan.
The Labor campaign tried to capitalise on the Labor Government's successful handling of the GFC but this was undermined by accusations of project mismanagement, rorts and waste, especially around the home insulation and school building programs. Yet, with a public perception growing that Rudd was an increasingly familiar quantity, and that his engagement with the electorate was nonetheless having a positive effect on the campaign, the party opted for minimal change in campaign tactics. Polling showed that voters had turned against the Coalition, with the two-party-preferred vote showing Labor at an average 56 per cent and the Coalition at an average 44 per cent. By the time Rudd officially launched the Labor campaign on 8 February, the campaign had canvassed key issues such as: the implementation of the emissions trading scheme, the roll-out of the National Broadband Network (NBN) which promised high-speed internet coverage across Australia and greater access for those in regional and rural Australia, education policies emphasising individual improvements of schools, and enhanced welfare arrangements including a National Disability Strategy.
At his campaign launch, Rudd sought to display the positives of Labor government by conveying his links with former significant prime ministers. He was introduced by Bob Hawke, and he formally acknowledged the legacies of Whitlam and Keating. He even conspicuously described Julia Gillard as "a woman of great achievement, not only in the past, but in the present, and in the future". The speech highlighted his values, his family and upbringing, and emphasised Labor policies — particularly education policies. By listing various policies associated with his previous prime ministerial performance Rudd emphasised a record of sound administration. Rudd closed with a reference to Ben Chifley's "light on the hill". Thus Rudd presented himself as a true successor to past Labor prime ministers and re-introduced himself to the electorate in terms of being one of the many "hard-working" Australians seeking a "fair go". The results of the
ACNeilsen poll on 9 February suggested that people had reacted well to Rudd's approach with Labor at 57 per cent of the two-party-preferred vote;
Newspoll told a similar story, showing Labor at 56 per cent of the two-party-preferred and the Coalition at 44 per cent.
Labor had a decisive win in the House of Representatives, with a two-party preferred vote of 55.91% to the Coalition's 44.09% — a two-party swing of 3.21% in Labor's favor. The Coalition's primary vote fell to 33.94%, its lowest in over six-and-a-half decades. Independents Bob Katter, Rob Oakeshott, and Tony Windsor were all re-elected with increased majorities. Labor won 101 seats, the Coalition 45 seats, with the remainder going to the independents (3) and the National Party of Western Australia (1). The Senate proved to be an interesting contest, with Labor winning 34 seats, the Coalition 30 seats, the Greens ten seats, the Democratic Labor Party one seat, and independent Nick Xenophon being re-elected. Voter turnout in the House of Representatives was 93.21% (down from 94.76% in 2007) and 93.82% in the Senate (down from 95.17% in 2007). It was perhaps surprising, given the size of many Senate ballot papers, that the rate of informal voting in the Senate was lower than the informal vote in the House of Representatives. The informal vote in the House of Representatives was 5.55% and 3.75% in the Senate, compared to the 2007 informal vote of 3.95% and 2.55% respectively. Over 2.5 million Australians voted early (pre-poll or postal) for the 2010 federal election, compared to around 2 million in 2007, and over 950,000 postal vote applications were received for the 2013 federal election, compared to just over 863,000 in 2007.