Netherlands - Amsterdam, no role for The Hague
Amsterdam IS the capital of NL. Another sollution could be Brussel or The Hague, or even Utrecht
Netherlands - Amsterdam, no role for The Hague
Belarus.. Vilno, or pinsk, polotsk, or one of the regional capitalsLet's make as many countries have alternate capitals as possible, it shouldn't be too hard, since most territories nowadays are more determined by ethnic groups than be royal houses.
Portugal - Coimbra, I think it was the capital for a time, not sure though
Spain - Toledo
France - Orleans, have Paris be less important of a city and any house which becomes King could move it back to their home. Also Versailles.
UK - York
Ireland - Cork, anywhere really depending on how Ireland is united
Belgium - Liege, perhaps forming from an expansion of the bishopric lands
Netherlands - Amsterdam, no role for The Hague
Germany - literally anywhere
Norway - see post above mine
Sweden - Uppsala, historically most significant city, or build Stockholm in a slightly different place and call it something different
Finland - Turku
Estonia - Pärnu, don't found Talinn
Latvia - probably have to found Riga in a slightly different location and call it something different, its location is too good
Lithuania - have king Gediminas go hunting somewhere else, and you don't found Vilnius
Russia - Novgorod, Tver, Vladimir, or whichever other state unites Russia; or just keep it in Petrograd
Belarus - idk, another vague one where it could be a lot of places, perhaps Polotsk or Pinsk
Ukraine - Chernihiv or another historic principality capital in the country, pretty much the same situation as Russia and Belarus
Moldova - have another city be bigger/more important than Chisinau when Moldova is form
Romania - Alba Iulia, see Zagan's Romania-wank (the original one)
Bulgaria - Tarnovo stays the capital
Greece - Konstantinoupouli of course or Salonica
Northern Macedonia - Bitola (Monastir)
Albania - Durres; Vlore could work too
Bosnia - Visoko, capital in late 1300's, or Banja Luka depending on how ethnic balance shakes out
Serbia - Kragujevac, see above
Croatia - Perhaps a coastal city like Rijeka or Zadar, also was addressed earlier
Slovenia - Celje, seat of the powerful Counts of Celje, or Maribor, the second-largest city
Hungary - Buda, or Pest
Slovakia - Somewhere further from the border if not united with Czechia, like Kosice
Poland - Krakow, or the Moon
Czechia - Brno if Moravia has greater importance, otherwise Prague seems pretty entrenched
Austria - Graz, if Austria is centered on Styria; Steyr or Linz are pretty central too, but anything after Habsburgs would have to be Vienna
Switzerland - Zurich is a decent candidate
Italy - Turin if S-P Kings decide not to move, or Florence for a similar reason, or Naples if the Two Sicilies unite Italy, or pretty much anywhere else
That should be everyone other than the microstates. Whether you can realistically piece together a history that keeps all of these countries recognizable is another question
I like Utrecht as capital, as it is the place were the quasi constitution was signed, becoming the meetingplace of the Estates General after the reconquest of the south by Parma. I also like to suggest Dordrecht, eldest city of Holland and also a meeting place when the revolt was only limited to Holland.Amsterdam IS the capital of NL. Another sollution could be Brussel or The Hague, or even Utrecht