An Overview of the State of Israel
Born out of the ashes of the Holocaust and Zionist aspirations during the preceding century, Israel struggled to survive in their War of Independence against the invading Arab armies and was given extensive military assistance by the Soviet Union and their allies.
Coupled with Soviet-made weapons and over 2 million Jewish survivors of the Holocaust, the Israelis managed to push the Syrians, Transjordanians, Lebanese and Saudi Arabians back in a defense war. The Israeli borders were solidified, stretching from the Gulf of Aqaba to the Golan Heights, from the Jordan River to the Mediterranean Sea.
Out of gratitude to the Soviets and with the dominance of Mapai, Israel slowly moved into the Soviet sphere. The Israelis were the Soviets' greatest allies, firm friends though remaining socialist. Innovative in science, the Israelis helped the Soviets with their "Virgin Lands" program, as well as making the deserts bloom.
Mapai will remain dominant in Israeli politics for the next 28 years, until the election of Elie Wiesel as Prime Minister in 1977 (who belonged to Likud) and the first non-Mapai Prime Minister. While Wiesel and his successor, Menachem Begin and eventually Binyamin Netenyahu, are the only three non-Mapai Israeli prime ministers- they broke Mapai's dominance over Israeli politics.
With the continuing liberalization of the Soviet Union and the Warsaw Pact members, Israel began moving away from the Soviet sphere to a friendly relationship between the two nations (a slightly watered-down version of the US-Israeli relationship).
With regards to the Arab population, Israel urged Arabs to stay in the country and continue living in peace with their Jewish neighbors, like they did under British rule. While some Arabs agree to remain in the country, most Palestinian Arabs (near 85-90%) flee to Transjordan. The Israeli Arab population comprises nearly 5% of the Israeli population in 1959 and is projected to reach 10-14% by 2009. Despite some radical Israeli Jewish fears, the Jewish demographic remains high.
List of Israeli Prime Ministers (1948 to present)
1. David Ben-Gurion, 14 May 1948- 26 January 1954 (Mapai)
2. Moshe Sharett 26 January 1954- 3 November 1955 (Mapai)
(1) David Ben-Gurion, 3 November 1955- 26 June 1963 (Mapai)
3. Levi Eshkol, 26 June 1963- 26 February 1969 (Mapai/Alignment)
4. Yigal Allon, 26 February 1969- 17 March 1969 (Mapai/Alignment)
5. Golda Meir, 17 March 1969- 3 June 1974 (Alignment)
6. Yitzhak Rabin, 3 June 1974- 20 June 1977 (Alignment)
7. Elie Wiesel, 20 June 1977- 10 October 1983 (Likud)
8. Menachem Begin, 10 October 1983- 20 October 1986 (Likud)
9. Shimon Peres, 20 October 1986- 13 July 1992 (Labour)
(6) Yitzhak Rabin, 13 July 1992- 18 June 1996 (Labour)
10. Binyamin Netenyahu, 18 June 1996- 6 July 1999 (Likud)
11. Ehud Barak, 6 July 1999- 7 March 2001 (Labour)
(7). Elie Wiesel, 7 March 2001- 4 May 2006 (Likud)
12. Binyamin Ben-Eliezer, 4 May 2006 to present (Labour)
Born out of the ashes of the Holocaust and Zionist aspirations during the preceding century, Israel struggled to survive in their War of Independence against the invading Arab armies and was given extensive military assistance by the Soviet Union and their allies.
Coupled with Soviet-made weapons and over 2 million Jewish survivors of the Holocaust, the Israelis managed to push the Syrians, Transjordanians, Lebanese and Saudi Arabians back in a defense war. The Israeli borders were solidified, stretching from the Gulf of Aqaba to the Golan Heights, from the Jordan River to the Mediterranean Sea.
Out of gratitude to the Soviets and with the dominance of Mapai, Israel slowly moved into the Soviet sphere. The Israelis were the Soviets' greatest allies, firm friends though remaining socialist. Innovative in science, the Israelis helped the Soviets with their "Virgin Lands" program, as well as making the deserts bloom.
Mapai will remain dominant in Israeli politics for the next 28 years, until the election of Elie Wiesel as Prime Minister in 1977 (who belonged to Likud) and the first non-Mapai Prime Minister. While Wiesel and his successor, Menachem Begin and eventually Binyamin Netenyahu, are the only three non-Mapai Israeli prime ministers- they broke Mapai's dominance over Israeli politics.
With the continuing liberalization of the Soviet Union and the Warsaw Pact members, Israel began moving away from the Soviet sphere to a friendly relationship between the two nations (a slightly watered-down version of the US-Israeli relationship).
With regards to the Arab population, Israel urged Arabs to stay in the country and continue living in peace with their Jewish neighbors, like they did under British rule. While some Arabs agree to remain in the country, most Palestinian Arabs (near 85-90%) flee to Transjordan. The Israeli Arab population comprises nearly 5% of the Israeli population in 1959 and is projected to reach 10-14% by 2009. Despite some radical Israeli Jewish fears, the Jewish demographic remains high.
List of Israeli Prime Ministers (1948 to present)
1. David Ben-Gurion, 14 May 1948- 26 January 1954 (Mapai)
2. Moshe Sharett 26 January 1954- 3 November 1955 (Mapai)
(1) David Ben-Gurion, 3 November 1955- 26 June 1963 (Mapai)
3. Levi Eshkol, 26 June 1963- 26 February 1969 (Mapai/Alignment)
4. Yigal Allon, 26 February 1969- 17 March 1969 (Mapai/Alignment)
5. Golda Meir, 17 March 1969- 3 June 1974 (Alignment)
6. Yitzhak Rabin, 3 June 1974- 20 June 1977 (Alignment)
7. Elie Wiesel, 20 June 1977- 10 October 1983 (Likud)
8. Menachem Begin, 10 October 1983- 20 October 1986 (Likud)
9. Shimon Peres, 20 October 1986- 13 July 1992 (Labour)
(6) Yitzhak Rabin, 13 July 1992- 18 June 1996 (Labour)
10. Binyamin Netenyahu, 18 June 1996- 6 July 1999 (Likud)
11. Ehud Barak, 6 July 1999- 7 March 2001 (Labour)
(7). Elie Wiesel, 7 March 2001- 4 May 2006 (Likud)
12. Binyamin Ben-Eliezer, 4 May 2006 to present (Labour)