Filipinas: La Gloriosa y Más Allá

[ramones1986]

Timeline of Events, 1898-1901: Independencia,entre victoria y tragedia (continuation)

1900​

18-19 June:

The province of Butuán was the next destination in the official visit of the Prince and Princess of Asturias to the Philippines. Within two days, Prince Guillermo and his wife Princess María Teresa, accompanied by Internal Affairs Minister Deodato Arellano, visited some of the province's largest towns, in which included the provincial capital itself. Just like in other provinces, they've been warmly received by the cheering crowd, received gifts and flowers from both the crowd and officials of different Juntas Municipales. On the second and last of the Hohenzollerns' visit to the Butuán, Arellano confirmed before the members of the local press that the next destination, Surigao, would be the very last in the official visit; the Internal Affairs Minister quickly clarified that the schedule has been planned ahead of the visit itself.​

19 June:

Graciano López Jaena submitted a counter-affidavit before the lower court in the district of Intramuros in the federal capital Manila. The Education Minister argued before the members of the press that the recently-passed State News Agency Law was actually constitutional, saying that Filipinos have the right to know about the activities and projects of both Junta General and Juntas Provinciales. Additionally, the Ilonggo statesman responded to the accusations in relation to his post, insisting that being the Minister of Education is a tough job. The previous week, a group of newspaper editors submitted a case calling for the said to be junked as unconstitutional, claiming it as "conflict of interest" and "possible breach of the freedom of speech".​

20 June:

Rumors circulated in the Russian capital Saint Petersburg that the Interior Ministry was trying to convince the Kalmyk leaders to migrate some of them to the Mongolian region, particularly in Dzungaria[1], to join their fellow Oirat tribes. According to the said rumors, bureaucrats from the said ministry offered the Kalmyk clan leaders to move with their familes in exchange of a series of compensations, in which include the assurance of making some of its warriors as defenders of their portion of the future Mongolian-Chinese border. The Kalymks were descendants of Oirat tribes who migrated to the Eurasian steppes in the early 17th century.​

(Modern) Kalmyk/Oirat flag
​

21-23 June:

As indicated earlier by Internal Affairs Minister Deodato Arellano, the province of Surigao was the third and final destination in the Mindanao leg of the official visit of the Prince and Princess of Asturias to the Philippines. For three days, Prince Guillermo and his wife Princess María Teresa visited the largest Surigaonon towns, talked with the farmers, factory people and fishermen, received gifts from both the cheering crowd and the official of different Juntas Municipales. In relation to this, the Internal Affairs Minister announced before both the press delegation and local newspaper reporters that the royal frigate Hispania Regina would return to the federal capital Manila in a few days for a one last courtesy call with the Junta General and the Governor-General in the Palace of Malacañang. The royal visit of the Hohenzollerns to the Philippines lasted for almost three months, but as Prince Guillermo recalled in his diary, the visit was full of happy memories.​

21 June:

In the Russian Armenian capital Yerevan, Alexander Bagration met Governor-General Illarion Vorontsov-Daskov in the latter's mansion to personally tell him that he was not interested in the position of the Governor-General of Armenia, contrary to the rumors that circulated in the capital Saint Petersburg. The Russo-Georgian nobleman and general said that while he may be part of the inner circle of His Majesty the Emperor, he insisted that he would study Armenian history, language, culture and current affairs before accepting the post of Governor-General.​

Alexander Bagration of Mukhrani
​

22 June:

In a special meeting with the Governor-General and Junta President Mariano Trias in the palace of Malacañang, the Chiefs of Staff of the two main branches of the Royal Philippine Armed Forces has reiterated their commitment of sending three hundred soldiers and two warships to mainland China. Both Gen. Artemio Ricarte (Chief of Staff, Royal Philippine Army) and Adm. Arturo Juan Magbanua (Chief of Staff, Royal Philippine Navy) confirmed before both Trias and Ambrosio Rianzares Batista that the Philippine troops would join their Spanish counterparts in their mission, which was joining the military of seven other countries of combating the Boxer rebels.​

25 June:

In the South Moluccan capital Ambón, Colonial Council President Nuno Marcos Salampesi presented before his colleagues in the Legislative Council the proposed legislation that would establish a dedicated militia for the self-governing Dutch colony. Salampesi reiterated that his proposal was necessary for South Moluccas as the colony was facing challenges brought by the changing geopolitical landscape in neighboring countries and colonies. The proposed Colonial Militia Law was already indicated in the amendments to the South Moluccas Law passed by the two houses of the States-General back in The Hague.​

27 June:

Veteran publisher Basilio Teodoro Morán was appointed as the first director general of the newly-named Agencia Telegrafica Nacional de Filipinas[1] in a ceremony held in the Palace of Malacañang. After his inauguration, the publisher has reiterated in his speech that the state-owned news agency would still retain its editorial independence while as the same time report the necessary and complete details about the activities and projects of Junta General and its provincial (and territorial) counterparts. One of the plans of the newly-established ATNF[2] was to establish a newspaper, or as indicated by Morán himself, a version of Gaceta Oficial for mass consumption. Nonetheless, the petition to declare Education Minister Graciano López Jaena's State News Agency Law unconstitutional continued.​

28-29 June:

Before returning to Spain in almost a month, the royal frigate Hispania Regina arrived in the Port of Manila. The Prince and Princess of Asturias, as expected, was greeted by the cheering crowd waving both Spanish and Philippine flags. As indicated earlier by Internal Affairs Minister Deodato Arellano in the province of Surigao, Prince Guillermo and his wife Princess María Teresa met the Governor-General and the members of the three branches of Junta General de las Islas Filipinas. As the Prince of Asturias learned that both Spain and the Philippines would send troops to mainland China as part of eight-nation coalition against the Boxers, Arellano confirmed that the royal frigate would go to the colony of Chushán in the following days to give support to the troops.​

NOTES:
[1] "National Telegraphic Agency of the Philippines" in Spanish.
[2] Acronym of the Philippine state-owned news agency.

 

[ramones1986]

Timeline of Events, 1898-1901: Independencia,entre victoria y tragedia (continuation)

1900​

1 July:

Junta President Mariano Trias and the Governor-General went to the Fort San Felipe de Neri in the province of Cavite to gave support to the 300 Filipino troops and two warships that would depart to the colony of Chusán to join their Spanish colleagues on their mission in the Chinese mainland. Accompanied by Defense (and Military Affairs) Minister Isidoro Torres and the Chiefs of Staff of the to branches of the Royal Philippine Armed Forces (Gen. Artemio Ricarte and Adm. Arturo Juan Magbanua), Ambrosio Rianzares Batista later gave a speech to the soldiers, telling them to uphold the values that characterized the military: valor, bravery, courtesy, respect, and being a gentleman. Also in his speech, the Governor-General told the men that they should not be afraid of death, emphasizing that their blood shed would be remembered forever by the people of the Philippines.​

Fort San Felipe Neri
​

2 July:

The royal frigate Hispania Regina arrived in the harbor of Chusán colony. There, the Prince and Princess of Asturias greeted the soldiers, both Spanish and Filipino, with some volunteers from other Latin American countries like Mexico, Peru, Bolivia, Colombia and Quisqueya as they're preparing for departure to the Chinese mainland to join the troops from seven other countries in combating the Boxer rebels as the violence escalated there. Simultaneously, Prince Guillermo and his wife Princess María Teresa greeted the commanders of Chusán naval base, as well as the current governor of the colony, Gen. Ramón Blanco y Erenas. The total number of the Spanish troops sending to combat in the Chinese mainland was 500 soldiers and four warships, half of which came of the bases in the Philippines, others were from Guantanamo in Cuba (100 soldiers and a warship) and bases in the mainland Spain (150 soldiers and a warship).​

3 July:

It was said that a distinct flag was raised by the Mongol rebels over Altan Els garrison near the capital Ikh Khüree/Urga as their colleagues captured more garrisons and forts across the territory, taking advantage of the mayhem that affected the so-called China proper because of the Boxer rebellion. According to the reports that reached the capitals of different Western countries from their respective consulates in the Mongol capital, it was the commander in chief of the whole rebel army, Dambiijantsan "Ja Lama", personally raised the flag in the garrison's flagpole; the banner was described as "red cloth with yellow Buddhist symbol in the center", more or less representing the Soyombo. Elsewhere in the region, particularly in Dzungaria, Cossack-trained Kalmyk Brigade slaughtered the remaining soldiers of the Ili garrison.​

The Mongolian rebel flag
​

4 July:

In the province of Cavite, Timoteo Juan Aristeguí personally told the members of the press, both national and provincial, that the final verdict on the trial of former Junta President Emilio Aguinaldo would be announced next week. The judge explained before the reporters that the final decision on the outcome of the trial would took "a long considerate amount of time", as he argued that the testimonies of both Aguinaldo and witnesses should be condensed and summarized in the verdict itself. Aristeguí had also reiterated that the type of punishment for Aguinaldo (if he's confirmed guilty of his case) would remain confidential until the day of the verdict itself. The former Junta President and high-ranking member of ruling Partido Nacionalista was accused of masterminding the death of his rival and predecessot Andrés Bonifacio on 11th of May, 1897; the trial proceedings lasted for more than a year.​

5 July:

In the federal capital Manila, Junta President Mariano Trias responded to the announcement of judge Timoteo Juan Aristeguí in relation to the outcome of Emilio Aguinaldo trial. He reiterated that his predecessor has already been expelled from the ruling Partido Nacionalista and the Caviteño would be possibly punished as a private citizen of the Philippines. Trias also said before the members of the press that the Executive and Legislative branches of the Junta General would respect the decision of a lower Philippine court, as indicated both in the old Basic Laws and the new Philippine Constitution. Meanwhile, Opposition Leader Pedro Paterno believed that the upcoming verdict on the case of former Junta President Aguinaldo would gave the Nacionalistas a reflection and a lesson on internal party politics.​

6 July:

In the palace of Malacañang, the Governor-General received a letter from the Romanian capital Bucharest. The letter, which was personally written in Spanish by Crown Prince Ferdinand, said that there would be an official state visit to Manila "in a few weeks". The letter also detailed about the approval from the Romanian government about visiting the Philippines after the Romanian Crown Prince learned through the newspaper the visit of his elder brother Guillermo (the Prince of Asturias) to the country recently. After he read the letter, Ambrosio Rianzares Batista informed both Junta President Mariano Trias and Foreign and Territorial Affairs Minister Felipe Buencamino about the upcoming visit of the younger Hohenzollern, heir to the throne of Romania.​

 

[ramones1986]

Timeline of Events, 1898-1901: Independencia,entre victoria y tragedia (continuation)

1900​

9 July:

In the offices of Agencia Telegrafica Nacional de Filipinas within Intramuros in the federal capital Manila, Basilio Teodoro Morán held a meeting with the editors of the agency's different sections. The publisher and director general of ATNF asked the editors about their idea on the newspaper that they would launch. According to some employees of the state-owned news agency, who anonymously told information to some members of the press, most of the editors wanted two dedicated newspapers (one in Spanish, other in Chavacano), citing their commercial competitors (El Correo Nacional/La Solidaridad/Manila Times and El Tambulí/El Porvenir) as notable examples.​

10 July:

In a special meeting in the Palace of Malacañang, the Governor-General asked Felipe Buencamino about the purpose of the upcoming visit of Romanian Crown Prince Ferdinand to the Philippines. The Foreign and Territorial Affairs Minister responded by telling Ambrosio Rianzares Batista about the conversation he had the previous Saturday with Romaian ambassador Laurențiu Comaneci[1]; Buencamino recalled that Comaneci told him that the real purpose of the visit was not just to strengthen the diplomatic relationship between Bucharest and Manila, but also personally know the country itself, which until then only heard through letter exchanges with his elder brother, the Prince of Asturias.​

11 July:

Insiders within the Ministry of Interior in the Russian capital Saint Petersburg confirmed that a large percentage of the Kalmyk families were relocated to Dzungaria as news of Cossack-trained Kalmyk troops participating in the revolts across Mongolian lands reached the office of Interior Minister Dmitry Sipagyn. According to the same insiders, the Kalmyks were offered permanent villages and lambs as grazing were the basis of their traditional economy. They added that the some Kalmyks were already established links with other Oirat tribes while others simply took over villages/hamlets that the Kazakhs had abandoned as the result of the revolt in Dzungaria.​

Dmitry Sergeyvich Sipyagin
Minister of Interior
Russian Empire
​

12 July:

In Madrid, insiders within the Ministry of Foreign Affairs told the local newspaper reporters and foreign wire correspondents that Ántonio Maura was growing impatient as he learned that the Venezuelan government was very slow in compensating the Spanish expatriates whose businesses and residences were affected by Revolución Liberal Restauradora, the conflict that elevated Cipriano Castro as president of the country. According to the same sources, the Foreign Affairs was furious when he read the letter sent by the Spanish ambassador in Caracas, in which said that the Castro administration was using nationalist rhetoric to hamper full responsibility for the damages. This frustration was shared by his German, British, Italian and especially American counterparts.​

13 July:

In the city of Cavite Viejo, the lower court has fully confirmed that tthe former Junta President Emilio Aguinaldo was guilty of orchestrating the murder of his political rival and predecessor Andrés Bonifacio on 11th May, 1897. In the final verdict, which was personally written by judge Timoteo Juan Aristeguí, it said that the motivation behind Aguinaldo to kill Bonifacio was political ambition and personal jealousy, tracing back to the primaries of Partido Nacionalista in 1891-92. The verdict, nonetheless, praised Aguinaldo for his honesty and cooperation in testifying before the court. Indeed, the former statesman and military personnel was sentenced to lifetime imprisonment through house arrest in his family mansion; although never included in the final verdict itself, it was said that the final sentence opened a possibility for a parole from the Governor-General, with confirmation from the reigning monarch back in Madrid. Thus, the verdict ended more than a year of trial of former Junta President Emilio Aguinaldo.​

16 July:

The Lower House of Cortes de la Junta General opened this week with the verdict of former Junta President Emilio Aguinaldo as the main topic of the hemicicle. Socialist leader Isabelo de los Reyes made a speech, in which he criticized what he thought was "relatively light" sentence given by the lower court of Cavite Viejo to Aguinaldo, arguing that he either should be sentenced to death or spent the rest of his life in a prison. For his part, Junta President Mariano Trias responded to the criticisms raised by de los Reyes; he directly asked the Socialist leader if he ever knew the participation (and contribution) of Aguinaldo in the process to complete Philippine independence. In his speech, the current Junta President has made clear that while reiterating that Aguinaldo was now no longer part of Partido Nacionalista, he still acknowledged his contribution not just to his own party, but also to the country, both in the Junta General and the military.​

17 July:

In the South Moluccan capital Ambón, Colonial Council President Nuno Marcos Salampesi has reiterated before his colleagues in the Legislative Council the importance of passing the proposed Colonial Militia Law. The statesman has added that the training of the future soldiers would be under some of the best generals in the Royal Netherlands Army, some of which were also teaching in the Royal Military Academy (Koninklijke Militaire Academie) in the town of Breda. The said proposed legislation has been debated and discussed in the South Moluccan legislature, and according to the insiders within Fort Victoria, the seat of colonial government, Governor-General Cornelis Fock told his guests, some of the most prominent Portugis-language writers like José Sebastião Ferreira[2] and Hércules Apang de Gusmão[3], in a private that he hoped that the proposal would be passed in a short time.​

Fort Victoria, Ambón​

18 July:

The Chief of Staff of the Royal Philippine Army has reiterated that the military has already respected the verdict on the case of their former colleague and ex-Junta President Emilio Aguinaldo. Responding to the questions asked by the members of the press, Gen. Artemio Ricarte has absolutely rejected the possibility of a revolt among the soldiers, adding that the role of the Royal Philippine Armed Forces was to protect the country and uphold the provisions of the Philippine Constitution. Being a former part of the institution himself, a large percentage of support for Aguinaldo always came from the military, most especially in the Army, since he joined Partido Nacionalista in 1890.​

19 July:

In the Colombian capital Bogotá, President José Manuel Marroquín addressed before the two houses of the Congress (House of Representatives and Senate) the possibility that the current constitution would be amended and consequently, the form of government of the Colombian Republic would change from unitary to federal. In his speech, Marroquín emphasized the necessity of amending the Colombian Magna Carta, arguing that the whole country would benefit, both politically and economically. In addition, President Marroquín explained the importance of the proposed canal in the isthmus of Panama in the national economy and the need of political change, acknowledging that the ongoing negotiations with the Panamanian nationalists was influential on proposing constitutional change.​

NOTES:
[1] Fictional name.
[2] Fictional name.
[3] Fictional name.

 

[Libertad]

Wow, that's a rather intriguing end of Emilio Aguinaldo as a political player. It's interesting that the case was made in a Cavite court and I'm suspecting that you still have some plans on him in the future rather than just making him stay at his house up to 1964. Hahahaha.

 

[ramones1986]

Wow, that's a rather intriguing end of Emilio Aguinaldo as a political player. It's interesting that the case was made in a Cavite court and I'm suspecting that you still have some plans on him in the future rather than just making him stay at his house up to 1964. Hahahaha.

I personally sense a royal parole in early 1930s and reentering the politics in the 1934-35 period.

 

[The Forty-Eighth Rōnin]

I personally sense a royal parole in early 1930s and reentering the politics in the 1934-35 period.

Oh, fuck. You're gonna repeat his asswhooping at the hands of MLQ?

 

[ramones1986]

Oh, fuck. You're gonna repeat his asswhooping at the hands of MLQ?

Well, that's nearly possible, but in this TL he would maintain his presence in political stage would remain until a year or two before his death.

 

[ramones1986]

Timeline of Events, 1898-1901: Independencia,entre victoria y tragedia (continuation)

1900​

23 July:

In the province of Cavite, sources close to Timoteo Juan Aristeguí had denied the rumors that the judge had been offered to be one of the five chief justices of provincial high court (Tribunal Suprema Provincial de Cavite). The same sources told the members of the press, both provincial and national, that the rumors were baseless and set in the wrong time, particularly on the repercussions created by the final verdict on the case of former Junta President Emilio Aguinaldo. Nonetheless, they clarified that the possibility of Aristeguí being appointed as part of the provincial high court would still be open, given the reason and timing. The judge Aristeguí, who served the judiciary for almost twenty-five years, became a national figure for handling the Aguinaldo case for more than a year, culminating in a verdict that still generated public opinion.​

24 July:

In the federal capital Manila, Junta President Mariano Trias told the members of the press that the ruling Partido Nacionalista was confident of his style of leadership as the party was planning its final preparations for the General Elections next year. Trias has also reiterated that while he acknowledged the factions within the party, he insisted that having internal divisions would actually help to further strengthen the party, as he argued that the arguments raised by different faction always ended in a consensus. The Junta President has long aware of the internal divisions and effects of internal party squabbling on the popularity of the Nacionalistas on the electorate.​

25 July:

The office of judge Timoteo Juan Aristeguí has clarified before the members of the press in the city of Cavite Viejo that friends, close family members and even political supporters could visit former Junta President Emilio Aguinaldo in his family mansion, providing that they've been signed in to the logbook in the main entrance door of the residence. They admitted that the said clause was not included in the final verdict, which was written and announced by the judge, last Friday in the lower court, but they made it clear that the Aguinaldo would still allow to entertain visitors. The Aguinaldo residence in Cavite Viejo was guarded by twelve members of Guardia Civil, and Aguinaldo himself was monitored by four police members as part of his lifetime imprisonment through house arrest.​

Aguinaldo Mansion
Ciudad de Cavite Viejo
​

26 July:

In the Portuguese capital Lisbon, Prime Minister José Luciano de Castro received a letter from the new Governor-General of Portuguese East Indies José Celestino da Silva, in which he informed the head of Portuguese government that the capital of the self-governing colony was already moved to Pante Macassar in the island of Timor. In the same letter, he told the Prime Minister that Chief Minister José Silvestre Lopes de Vilanova[1] has proposed before the Legislative Council that the name of colony should be permanently changed into Topassia, after the dominant ethnolinguistic group of the Portuguese East Indies, who lived in Larantuka, the islands of Solor, Alor and Barat Diya, as well as the Oecusse region.​

27 July:

The National Executive Committee of Partido Nacionalista sent a series of telegrams to the provincial party leaders across the archipelago in relation to visiting former Junta President and party leader Emilio Aguinaldo in his mansion in the city of Cavite Viejo. In the said telegram, the national party executives reminded their lower-level counterparts that if they want to visit Aguinaldo, they should identify themselves by writing their name in the logbook, insisting on their visit by their occupation, not as fellow Nacionalista. Aguinaldo's party membership was immediately suspended after his arrest for his implication on the death of his political rival and predecessor Andrés Bonifacio on year 1897.​

30 July:

In the offices of Agencia Telegrafica Nacional de Filipinas within Intramuros in the federal capital Manila, Basilio Teodoro Morán revealed in a meeting with the editors that the formal launch of the newspapers Gaceta Nacional (Spanish) and Crónica Nacional (Chavacano) would be on the 18th of September, the day of La Gloriosa across the Spanish realm. Nevertheless, according to the employees of the state-owned news agency, the publisher and Director-General was still open for an earlier launch date. As the employees told their colleagues in the press, Morán has announced that the editions of Crónica Nacional in non-Chavacano province would dedicate its whole provincial news section in their respective languages. As of the moment, the main role played by ATNF was to released government-related news, both national and provincial, to the major national newspapers.​

31 July:

In the Ivatán capital Fuga, the discussion continued in the Legislative Council of Junta Provincial de Batanes over the planned immigration to Balintang Island. According to the insiders, some opposition lawmakers wanted some of its provisions revised as they perceived that it could prejudiced those who live in the province's north. However, Junta Provincial President Casimiro Agudo y Barcénas has clarified that the proposed immigration policy was just for those who want to move to the island, regardless of their island of origin. If the said policy was passed, the immigration to Balintang would more or less likely came from the southern part of Batanes, despite being part of Cabildo de Basco.​

1 August:

In The Hague, Colonies Minister Jacob Theodoor Cremer had clarified that the island of Halmahera really belonged to the Dutch East Indies and not to the self-governing colony of South Moluccas. The statesman explained before his colleagues in the Lower House of the States-General (Dutch parliament) that the government of Ambón had not actively claimed the island not just due to cultural and religious differences, but also the fact that the border between Batavia and Ambón has been already clear when the latter separated from the administration of Dutch East Indies and became a colony of its own. Cremer was responding to the rumors that South Moluccas wanted to include their neighbor as part of their territory.​

Halmahera Island
(Bacan Islands is part of South Moluccas)
​

2-3 August:

The president of Cámara de los Delegados Pablo Ocampo received a resignation letter from Comintano delegate and former Foreign and Territorial Affairs Minister Apolinario Mabini. In the said letter, which was written by Mabini himself, the former Cabinet member explained that his health further deteriorated a few weeks after he came back as member of the Lower House eight months ago. Mabini furtherly said that it was indeed better to take a rest at his ancestral residence in his home province of Comintán so he was not present in the sessions of the Lower House since February. Nonetheless, the statesman felt thankful for his time as legislator and member of Council of Ministers of Junta General. The following day, Ocampo informed before his colleagues in Cámara de los Delegados the resignation of Apolinario Mabini of the province of Comintán.​

NOTE:
[1] Fictional name.

 

[ramones1986]

Timeline of Events, 1898-1901: Independencia,entre victoria y tragedia (continuation)

1900​

6 August:

In a private conversation with one of his close friends in his mansion in the city of Cavite Viejo, former Junta President Emilio Aguinaldo admitted that he sorely missed participating in the national political scene. He also confessed that he was expecting a Royal Pardon from the Governor-General back in the federal capital Manila in the near future. According to the sources close to the Aguinaldo family, although he admitted his full responsibility for masterminding the murder through poisoning of rival (and predecessor) Andrés Bonifacio, he still openly express his resentment to his cousin Baldmero as the former statesman believed that Baldomero betrayed him.​

7 August:

In the federal capital Manila, when Junta President Mariano Trias was asked by some newspaper reporters about the possibility of his predecessor's return to Partido Nacionalista if the Royal Pardon was granted in the future, the statesman responded by reiterating the official policy that former Nacionalista members would never be allowed to enter the party once again, especially for those who committed crimes in the past. The current Junta President added that the possibility of a Royal Parole for his predecessor Emilio Aguinaldo would take decades and a thorough investigation back in Madrid, as it involved the personal confirmation of the Spanish monarch.​

8 August:

The Ministry of Foreign and Territorial Affairs has openly rejected the rumors that it actively pursuing an annexation of the neighboring Caroline and Mariana archipelagos, which were currently known as the Spanish East Indies. According to chief diplomat[1] Felipe Buencamino, the Philippines had always respected the borders with neighboring territories and countries, particularly in the north and the east. The Foreign and Territorial Affairs Minister added that any proposal of reuniting the self-governing colony with the rest of the Philippines would be routinely rejected with without the consent of the people of the Spanish East Indies. The Caroline and Mariana archipelagos were administrated from Manila until the 1880s, when the Spanish Colonies Ministry created a new self-governing colony of Spanish East Indies, informally known as Spanish Micronesia, with Hagaña in the island of Guam as the capital.​

Spanish East Indies: Mariana and Caroline archipelagos[2]
​

9 August:

In the city of Pante Macassar, local newspaper reports said that majority of the members of the Legislative Council of the Portuguese East Indies have approved the proposed legislation presented months earlier by the self-governing Portuguese colony's Chief Minister José Silvestre Lopes de Vilanova, in which the name of the colony would be changed into Topassia. The local press also reported that back in the capital Lisbon, Prime Minister José Luciano de Castro responded through telegram to Governor-General José Celestino da Silva, telling the latter the approve the proposal immediately if it received more than half votes in the colonial legislature. If the Governor-General's approval was confirm, the transitional period for the name change would last for five years.​

10 August:

The president of the Lower House of Cortes de la Junta General told the members of the press that the seat held before by former Foreign and Territorial Affairs Minister Apolinario Mabini would remain vacant until the General Elections next year. Pablo Ocampo said that he already informed the Junta Electoral Nacional through a telegram, saying that there would be no by-election to substitute Mabini as a delegate from the province of Comintán, explaining that Mabini's formal resignation had occurred a few months before the expected dissolution of both Cámara de los Delegados and the Senate.​

13 August:

In the offices of Agencia Telegrafica Nacional de Filipinas in the federal capital Manila, Basilio Teodoro Morán accepted the editors' suggestion that the launch date of the two newspapers (Gaceta Nacional and Crónica Nacional) would be changed to the 10th of September. In relation to the said announcement, as some of the employees of the state-owned news agency told their colleagues in the press, the hiring of newspaper staff in most provincial bureaus of the ATNF has intensified, especially in the non-Chavacano-speaking provinces. Originally, the famed publisher and Director-General of the state news agency originally set the launch date on the 18th of September, the day of commemorating La Gloriosa across the Spanish realm, in which include the Philippines.​

14 August:

Sources within the Ministry of Education said that there was talks to include the martial art "arnis" to the curriculum of the state primary schools across the archipelago, particularly in the Physical Education classes. According to the same sources, it was an idea from the well-known pan-Asianist Ryōhei Uchida in a private meeting with Education Minister Graciano López Jaena in the latter's office; it was said that the Japanese educator wanted to extend the teaching of arnis to the primary schools, claiming that their counterpart in Bangsamoro Territory already include their national martial art pancak silat in their Physical Education classes. Arnis, also known as kali, was already been part of the training program for the new members of the Royal Philippine Armed Forces ever since its creation as Batallones Filipinos.​

El Arnis
​

15 August:

The Junta Electoral Nacional accepted the suggestion made by the president of the Lower House of Cortes de la Junta General Pablo Ocampo in relation to the seat vacated by former Foreign and Territorial Affairs Minister Apolinario Mabini. According to the letter written by its chairman Alberto Fabián de Sosa, which were immediately sent to the leading national newspapers, the reason given by Ocampo was valid enough for the electoral body to suspend the possibility of a by-election for the seat previously occupied by Mabini, who was one of the representatives from the province of Comintán. The former chief diplomat of the Philippines had recently resigned from his post as deputy due to his deteriorating health.​

16 August:

In the White House, President William McKinley received a telegram from the American embassy in the Colombian capital Bogotá, in which he was informed about the latest news in the South American country, particularly the ongoing talks with the Panamanian nationalists and the proposed constitutional changes toward federal republic, with the possible revival of the official name United States of Colombia (Estados Unidos de Colombia). After reading the said telegram, McKinley called his State Secretary John M. Hay, who also received the same telegram, through the telephone to analyze the developments in Colombia and its effect on the American interests in the country.​

NOTES:
[1] Another name of the Minister of Foreign and Territorial Affairs.
[2] I honestly thinking of putting an ASB map of Spanish Micronesia (courtesy of Luminous) in my TL, but I felt that one ASB event is enough for me. Still, as of this moment, I was tempted to post the map.

 

[ramones1986]

ASB Micronesia

or

OTL Micronesia
​

As you noticed in my latest update, I posted the OTL map of Marianas and Caroline archipelago as Spanish Moluccas, then I added in my notes that I'm tempted to replace it with an ASB version, which was made by fellow AH.commer Luminous months ago, but I backed out because I felt that a single ASB event would be enough for my TL, and that's the birth of Balintang Island.

Still, the dilemma continued until this moment, so should I keep the OTL map of Micronesia or replace it with an ASB cartography?.

 

[mlp]

The Pinoywank shall go on!
Intensely enjoying what you're cooking up in this TL. Keep up the good work.

 

[ramones1986]

The Pinoywank shall go on!
Intensely enjoying what you're cooking up in this TL. Keep up the good work.

Thanks, and I shall continue this wank 'till (hopefully) '41!

 

[Gian]

I'd rather you go on with the OTL. One is enough, too many will take this TL to the ASB forum.

 

[ramones1986]

Timeline of Events, 1898-1901: Independencia,entre victoria y tragedia (continuation)

1900​

20 August:

Insiders within the Ministry of Education in the federal capital Manila told some members of press that Graciano López Jaena was seriously to adopt the suggestion made by Japanese pan-Asianist Ryōhei Uchida to adopt the martial art arnis as part of curriculum in all state-controlled primary schools across the country. According to the same sources, he sent telegrams to his provincial and territorial counterparts (except Bangsamoro, as they have already adapted pancak silat in its primary schools) to attend a special meeting in relation to Uchida's suggestion; they added that López Jaena also invited Uchida to attend the same meeting "in a few weeks". Arnis was already part of the training program for the new members of the Royal Philippine Armed Forces since its earliest period as Batallones Filipinos.​

21-22 August:

Confidential sources within Partido Progresista told the some newspaper reporters that Opposition Leader Pedro Paterno was trying to convince his fellow Executive Committee members to include the local government reform as part of its electorate program for the upcoming General Elections. According to the said sources, Paterno has argued that such reform was "more than necessary" as he explained that the current form of local government in the country was "too antiquated", as it was established during the term of Governor-General Félix Berenguer de Marquina (1788-93) as part of his reforms. The following day, when the members of the press asked Paterno about the said news, he admitted that his proposal was currently being reviewed in the Executive Committee, but he said that he's "more than optimistic" that it would be included in the Progresista party manifesto for the General Elections next year, adding that the party president Joaquín Pardo de Tavera openly expressed his support of his proposal, which was the reform of local government.​

Félix Berenguer de Marquina y FitzGerald (1736-1826)
Governor-General of the Philippines (1788-93)
Father of Juntas Municipales
​

22 August:

In a private meeting with Junta President Mariano Trias in the latter's office in Palacio del Gobernador in the federal capital Manila, Education Minister Graciano López Jaena has furiously defended the upcoming he organized in relation to the possible adoption of the martial art arnis in the state-controlled primary schools across the country, arguing that the suggestion made by Ryōhei Uchida was not actually bad. When Trias reminded López Jaena that Uchida was still a foreigner living in the country and had no right to intervene in the internal affairs of Junta General, the Education Minister was said to became more defensive, saying that at least the renowned pan-Asianist leader has also some ideas that could be valued in the future generations.​

23 August:

In the Spanish capital Madrid, Francisco Silvela had confirmed before the members of the local press and foreign correspondents that he would led the governing Partido Conservador in the upcoming General Elections next year. The current President of the Spanish Government (Prime Minister) explained that he got an absolute majority of support from his colleagues in the party congress, which was recently held in the city of Salamanca, one of the main cities of the region of Castilla Occidental. Silvela ensured that if the Conservadores retained its majority in both houses of Cortes General, it would ensure the continuation of the policies set up by his administration, as well as new policies as response to the changes, both political and economical, that swept throughout the Kingdom of Spain.​

24-26 August:

Concepción Saiz Otero went to Manila to met her friend Trinidad Tecsón and attend an annual meeting of the latter's group Movimiento Feminista Filipina. For three days, she would exchanged ideas and opinions with the members of the suffrage movement in the Philippines, most especially her friend Tecsón, about the situation of the movement, the current attitude among the general population, both men and women, and how to maintain its pressure on the Junta General to gave the Filipino women the right to vote and be voted. For instance, in a private dinner with the Governor-General in the Palace of Malacañang, Saiz Otero, who represented the Spanish suffrage movement, frankly asked Ambrosio Rianzares Batista about the issues faced by women in the archipelago, in which included voting rights and just salary.​

Concepción Saiz Otero
​

25 August:

Reports from the foreign consulates in the Mongolian capital Ikh Khüree/Urga said that Dzungar leader Dambajistan Ja Lama and Bogd Khan were extremely cautious about in relation to possible declaration of independence from the Chinese Empire. According to the reports that reached their respective capitals, most especially in the case of the Russian Empire, both leaders wanted first to consult the major Mongol noble about the most possible date where a formal declaration of independence would be announced in the regional capital. As of that moment, the rebel troops, mostly employing a combination of guerrilla and Cossack-style tactics, had already captured most of the garrisons in the Mongolian territory.​

 

[ramones1986]

Timeline of Events, 1898-1901: Independencia,entre victoria y tragedia (continuation)

1900​

27 August:

In a private meeting with Junta President Mariano Trias in the latter's office in Palacio del Gobernador in the federal capital Manila, the well-known Japanese pan-Asianist leader Ryōhei Uchida defended his suggestion of incorporating the martial art arnis in the state-controlled primary schools across the country and the upcoming meeting on the said subject, which would be attended by the provincial and territorial educational secretaries and organized by the Ministry of Education. According to the insiders within the Palacio del Gobernador, Uchida had argued that while arnis was, at that moment, was limited to military training, pancak silat was taught in the Physical Education classes in the primary schools in Bangsamoro Territory. In short, as the insiders pointed out, Uchida wanted a military-style discipline to be introduced among the students in the rest of the country.​

28-29 August:

Romanian Crown Prince Ferdinand and his wife Marie of Edinburgh arrived in the federal capital Manila to pay an official visit. From the Port of Manila, they headed by carriage to the Palace of Malacañang, where they met the Governor-General and Junta President Mariano Trias. For two days, the activities of the heirs to the Romanian throne included paying tribute to the fallen patriots Andrés Novales and Luis Rodríguez Varela through laying wreaths of flowers to their tombs in Luneta, a dinner with the Romanian expatriate community in the Philippine capital, and attending a cultural performance in Teatro de Binondo.​

Ferdinand of Sigmaringen and Marie of Edinburgh
Crown Prince and Princess of Romania
​

30 August:

Insiders within Partido Progresista told the members of the press that the party's Executive Committee had included local government reform in the final draft of their electoral manifesto that would be released in preparation for the General Elections next year. According to the same sources, it was former Junta President Joaquín Pardo de Tavera who played a very crucial rule in the inclusion of Pedro Paterno's suggestion in the manifesto by convincing the fellow members of party's Executive Committee that the current Opposition Leader's argument and defense of his proposal was valid enough, adding that this kind of conviction and dedication to his principles was the result of his previous work as journalist, and admitted that the current local government set-up, created in the late 18th century by Governor-General Félix Berenguer de Marquina, was indeed need a total overhaul.​

 

[ramones1986]

I'd rather you go on with the OTL. One is enough, too many will take this TL to the ASB forum.

Thanks for the advice, and indeed, I'll keep the OTL map.

 

[ramones1986]

Timeline of Events, 1898-1901: Independencia,entre victoria y tragedia (continuation)

1900​

3 September:

Insiders in both Palacio del Gobernador and the Ministry of Education in the federal capital Manila had confirmed before some of the members of the press that Junta President Mariano Trias has finally allowed Graciano López Jaena to organize and conduct a meeting with his provincial and territorial counterparts in relation to the suggestion made by Ryōhei Uchida, which was the inclusion of the martial arts arnis in the state primary schools. According to both sources, the Governor-General played a crucial role in the definite decision-making; in a visit last weekend, Ambrosio Rianzares Batista reportedly told Trias that such meeting should be allowed, arguing that although Uchida was indeed a foreigner, at least the pan-Asianist has an idea to improve the curriculum across the country.​

4 September:

In the Comintano capital Taal, Galicano Apacible told the members of the local press that he would still lead the provincial Nacionalistas as they're seeking to retain their majority in the Legislative Council of Junta Provincial de Comintán in the upcoming elections next year. The current president of the provincial government explained that his leadership was supported by the majority of his party colleagues in the recently-held provincial party conference in the city of Lipa. Apacible has also confirmed that the party has already forming their electoral manifesto, in which they would include their vision, mission and programs for the province of Comintán, in which possibly included the bridging the gap between the different regions in the province.​

Galicano Apacible
​

5 September:

The Junta Electoral Nacional announced that the campaign period for the provincial candidates in the upcoming General Elections would be the same as their national counterparts. According to its chairman Alberto Fabián de Sosa, the electoral body had ultimately decided that coordination and careful could help the national political parties (Nacionalistas, Progresistas and Socialists) save more money and time mangement. He also said that provincial parties with no national affiliation could still participate in a newly-synchronized campaign period next year. These adjustments followed a thorough investigation conducted by Junta Electoral Nacional following the last General Elections (1898), n which they found out some irregularities in campaigning across the country.​

6 September:

In Fort Victoria in the South Moluccan capital Ambón, Cornelis Fock wrote a letter to the the Colonies Ministry in The Hague to make a treaty that would settle "once and for all" the question about the jurisdiction of Halmahera island. In the said letter, the Governor-General of the self-governing Dutch colony has argued and defended the validity of a future treaty that confirmed that indeed, Halmahera belonged to Batavia-based Dutch East Indies, and to settle the rumors that some Moluccan nationalists wanted the so-called "North Moluccas" to be annexed by pressuring the Colonial Council, in which the latter has routinely rejected. Fock added in his letter to Colonies Minister Jacob Theodoor Cremer that he was willing to sign the future treaty if the place were outside either Batavia or Ambón.​

7 September:

Rumors have circulated, both within the province of Cavite and outside its borders, that some of the supporters of former Junta President Emilio Aguinaldo, most of them were disgruntled on the decision of Partido Nacionalista removing his party membership, had set up a separate political party that regarded the former statesman and military officer their "Supreme Leader". The party, called Partido Patriotista Nacional (PPN), was said to be composed of almost two thousand members, most of them Caviteños, although their president Florencio Intrencherado[1] haied from the province of Iloilo. It was said that PPN was very personality-oriented towards the figure of Emilio Aguinaldo, although the former Junta President was not personally aware of its existence until today.​

Florencio Intrencherado
​

10 September:

The reaction of the three major political parties to the new guidelines set up by the Junta Electoral Nacional was the main headline news of the maiden edition of the two newspapers of the state-owned news agency Agencia Telegrafica Nacional de Filipinas. the Spanish-language Gaceta Nacional and its Chavacano-language counterpart Crónica Nacional as they hit the newspaper kiosks across the country. Its Director-General Basilio Teodoro Morán has insisted that despite the necessity of competing with commercial newspapers, he reiterated that ATNF would still sent news, particularly those related in both national and provincial governments, to both its own newspapers and its competitors.​

11 September:

Florencio Intrencherado went to the Aguinaldo mansion in the city of Cavite Viejo to meet former Junta President Emilio Aguinaldo. Signed in the logbook at the mansion's entrance as a "farmer and former soldier", the Ilonggo president of the newly-formed Partido Patriotista Nacional told his "Supreme Leader" Aguinaldo that a new political party was formed by his supporters who still believed in his leadership, showing him the party constitution that needed Aguinaldo's signature. For his part, the former Junta President acknowledged Intrencherado and his group's efforts to retain their support for him, but at the same time, Aguinaldo cautioned the PPN president to be "thoroughly careful"in their actions.​

12 September:

In the Colombian capital Bogotá, President José Manuel Marroquín told the members of the local press and foreign correspondents that the two houses of theNational Congress would approve the proposed amendments to the country's constitution, most of which were local government-related. Marroquín also clarified that while the recent negotiations with Panamanian nationalists paved the way for constitutional reform, he still acknowledged the contribution of the regional leaders and advocates of Colombian federalism. If both the Senate and the House of Representatives would passed the amendments, it would be voted by the Colombian electorate through a nationwide referendum.​

13 September:

Education Minister Graciano López Jaena has confirmed that a special meeting with his provincial and territorial counterparts would be held next week,particularly the day after the commemorations of La Gloriosa Revolution. The Ilonggo statesman revealed that most of the provincial and territorial secretaries of education would attend the said meeting and López Jaena had indeed confirmed that the Japanese pan-Asianist Ryōhei Uchida would participate in this two-day affair. The meeting was about Uchida's suggestion that the martial art arnis should be taught in the state primary schools across the country, following the example of Bangsamoro primary schools teaching pancak silat following a resolution made by its education secretary Zubir H. Datucan Jambi[2].​

NOTES:
[1] The self-proclaimed Philippine Emperor in the early 20th century was less insane in this TL.
[2] Fictional name.

 

[ramones1986]

Timeline of Events, 1898-1901: Independencia,entre victoria y tragedia (continuation)

1900​

17 September:

The Ministry of Education received a telegram from the Bangsamoro capital Cotabato, in which confirmed that its education secretary Zubir H. Datucan Jambi would attend the meeting organized by the ministry a few days after the commemoration of La Gloriosa across the country. As the person responsible in the education system in the Bangsamoro Territory, Jambi made a landmark back in the year 1898, in which he released a resolution where the martial art pancak silat should be taught in the Physical Education classes in the territory's primary schools, both public and private. The well-known pan-Asianist Ryōhei Uchida noticed it, and then suggested to Graciano López Jaena that he should do the same in most of the Philippines in relation to arnis.​

18 September:

Flags, pageantry, tributes and military parades. That summarized the 32nd commemoration of the La Gloriosa Revolution of 1868 in mainland Spain, Philippines, Quisqueya, the Foral Regions of Cuba and Puerto Rico, with increasing popularity in other Latin American countries such as Peru, Bolivia, Colombia and Venezuela because of the efforts made by the Spaniards living there, both immigrants and expatriates. In the Spanish capital Madrid, His Majesty the King Leopold I and President Francisco Silvela jointly paid their respects to the fallen heroes of La Gloriosa by laying wreath of flowers in Puerta de Alcalá. Afterwards, the King gave a speech in a special session of Cortes Generales. Meanwhile in the Philippine capital Manila, Governor-General Ambrosio Rianzares Batista and Junta President Mariano Trias paid their respects not just to the patriots Andrés Novales and Luis Rodríguez Varela, but also to the five Filipino soldiers who died while fighting in mainland China by laying wreaths of flowers in Luneta.​

Puerta de Alcalá
​

19 September:

In response to the rumors that Ja Lama and Bogd Khan was planning to declare Mongolian independence, Sun Yat-sen criticized the Mongolian nationalists and their supporters for being opportunists, accusing them of taking advantage of the ongoing Boxer Rebellion in the rest of the Chinese territory to advance their plans to break up from the rest of the Chinese nation. The leader of Revive China Society reminded the Mongolians that they're still part of the "five-race republic" that he envisioned for China once the Manchu imperial court was ousted in the capital Peking. Sun also criticized the involvement of the Russian Empire, claiming that St. Petersburg was responsible for manipulating the minds of Mongolian leaders to break up from China and create a puppet buffer state between the two nations. His organization Revive China Society has reiterated countless times on the territorial cohesion of China.​

20-21 September:

A special meeting organized by Ministry of Education in relation to the incorporation of martial art arnis in the Physical Education subject in the state primary schools across the archipelago. It was attended by all provincial and territorial education secretaries, and acknowledged the presence of pan-Asianist Ryōhei Uchida, who suggested the said idea to Education Minister Graciano López Jaena, and the education secretary of Bangsamoro Territory Zubir Hajj Datucan Jambi, who incorporated the martial art pancak silat in the Physical Education classes in all primary schools across the territory. For two days, both Uchida and Jambi shared their experiences and insights about their experiences: Uchida about teaching martial arts in his native Japan, while Jambi shared the reasons behind his decision to incorporate pancak silat. According to the ministry insiders, while most provincial education secretaries agreed on the proposal, País Igorot's Tomás Diomedes Balweg[1], has publicly expressed that he would present a proposed legislation before the territorial parliament, which he proposed the inclusion of traditional Igorot sports in the curriculum of all state primary schools across the territory.​

24 September:

In the city of Batavia, Governor-General Willem Rooseboom has agreed in a prospective treaty that could confirm that the island of Halmahera was indeed belonged to Dutch East Indies. Rooseboom has reiterated that like his counterpart Cornelis Fock, such document would end rumors in relation to the exact jurisdiction of Halmahera. In addition, the current Governor-General of Dutch East Indies has stated that the border between two Dutch possessions has already been established before.​

Willam Rooseboom
Governor-General, Dutch East Indies
​

25 September:

In the federal capital Manila, the Junta Electoral Nacional had clarified that the campaign period for the General Elections next year would still start after the Junta President's formal announcement that the two houses of Cortes de la Junta General (Senate and Cámara de los Delegados) would be dissolved and still end in the Friday before the election day itself, usually in May. The chairman of the electoral body, Alberto Fabián de Sosa, admitted that the JEN[2] received letters from all parts of the country, most of them complained about the supposed vagueness of their announcement two weeks and it's difficult to answer them individually, so they clarified their position through sending a letter to the major national and provincial newspapers. De Sosa reminded the electorate that they're now electing the members of the two houses Federal Congress (Congreso Federal): Senate and Cámara de los Representantes, as the Philippines were now under a new constitution.​

26 September:

In the Ivatan capital Fuga, the Legislative Council of Junta Provincial de Batanes has approved the policy of immigration to Balintang Island, which was proposed by the president of the provincial government Casimiro Agudo y Barcénas. In the said policy, any prospective immigrant to the island should came from both sides of the province, either from the more populous south or from the cabildo of Basco, but the quota should be limited in order to maintain the ecological balance of the Balintang Island.​

27 September:

According to the sources close to the Aguinaldo family, Emilio and his cousin Baldomero had reconciled when the latter visited the family mansion in the city of Cavite Viejo. According to the same sources, it was Emilio's wife Hilaria del Rosario who played a very important role in the reconciliation between the cousins, who insisted to her husband in the past that the testimony of Baldomero in the court during the trials could actually reevaluate Emilio's purpose in political stage in the future. Also in the said visit, Emilio has confessed to both his cousin and wife that some of his supporters had created a political party (Partido Patriotista Nacional), and they made him its "Supreme Leader". The former Junta President reminded both Hilaria and Baldomero that should meet the party's president Florencio Intrencherado in a few days.
​

NOTES:
[1] Fictional name.
[2] The acronym of the electoral body.

 

[ramones1986]

Timeline of Events, 1898-1901: Independencia,entre victoria y tragedia (continuation)

1900​

1 October:

In response to the new guidelines set up by Junta Electoral Nacional in relation to the campaign period in the upcoming General Elections, the executive committees of the three major political parties (Nacionalistas, Progresistas and Socialists) had held special meetings in their national headquarters, particularly with the person responsible for internal party organization, creating and executing various strategies that could streamline national and provincial candidates within the campaign period. According to new guidelines set up by the national electoral body, which was released last September, national and provincial candidates would campaigning together within the period before the election day itself.​

2 October:

In the city of Cavite Viejo, Hilaria del Rosario met some of the wives of some of the Aguinaldo supporters who were also members of the newly-established Partido Patriotista Nacional in the residence of her cousin-in-law Baldomero Aguinaldo. According to the sources close to the family, del Rosario and the so-called damas[1] formed an organization called Gremio de Mujeres Patrioticas (GMP), in which the wife of the former Junta President was named its head (president). Meanwhile at the same time, talks were undergoing between Baldomero and the president of the political party Florencio Intrencherado in relation to the former's future role within PPN.​

Hilaria del Rosario
​

3 October:

Sources within Iglesia Filipina Independiente told some members of the press that Gregorio Aglipay was currently writing an apostolic letter to the members of his church across the country in relation to the upcoming General Elections next year. According to the same insiders,the Supreme Bishop wanted his fellow Aglipayans[2] to vote for a single party in the next elections, claiming that the IFI would influence the outcome of the elections, both in the provincial and national levels. The Iglesia Filipina Independiente was now trying to influence its existence in the Philippine society, particularly in the political stage; the recent meetings between Supreme Bishop Aglipay and the leaders of the major political parties was sufficient enough to proven its point.​

4 October:

When asked by the members of the press if the meetings with his local-level counterparts in the next term, Graciano López Jaena responded that such meeting would shall continue in the future, no matter what party would get most seats in the Lower House of the future Federal Congress. The Minister of Education has valued the importance of such encounters with provincial and territorial education secretaries in discussing topics related to the educational system in the country, just like in the recently-concluded meeting, in which the inclusion of martial art arnis to the Physical Education classes in all state primary schools across the Philippines.​

5-7 October:

In the Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa, Emperor Menelik II had issued a decree in which all families across the country should have their own surnames, explaining that it could improve the collection of necessary datas such as tax collection, population registry, in which included birth and death records, and Church-related activities such as baptism and marriage. In the same decree, the Emperor urged the local clergy to collaborate with the local government officials across Ethiopia in realizing such gigantic task. The following weekend, most of the family heads went to the local village head to register their surname of their choice: While most of the families preferred their chosen surname based in their occupation, especially in the cities and larger towns, some based on the village where they grew up, other from their grandfather, ancestor or even peculiarities. For the royal family itself and its relatives, Menelik II had obviously chosen Solomon, their fabled ancestor.​

Menelik II
Emperor of Ethiopia
​

8 October:

Sources close to Aguinaldo family said that Baldomero Aguinaldo had already accepted the offered to him by the president of Partido Patriotista Nacional Florencio Intrencherado, which was the deputy president of the party. According to the same source, Intrencherado reportedly told the cousin of former Junta President that he wanted to register the party in Junta Electoral Nacional in the next few days, with the two as the definite leaders of the political party and not Emilio Aguinaldo, whom they called the "Supreme Leader" of the PPN. It was said that both Baldomero and Intrencherado had understood the precautions made by the former Junta President after the latter learned the existence of the said political party.​

9 October:

Division began to arise within Iglesia Filipina Independiente as the main national newspapers had reported the apostolic letter allegedly written by Gregorio Aglipay, in which he called the church members to vote for a single party and its candidates, both national and provincial, in the upcoming General Elections next year. Some had criticized the conduct of the Supreme Bishop, accusing Aglipay by suppressing the freedom of thought and conscience of every Aglipayan. Others defended the Supreme Bishop, insisting that his letter would mobilize the members of IFI should share the same voice in relation to the affairs of the state; some Aglipayan bishops have threatened that they would write the letter to Cambridge in the United Kingdom as a protest to the latest events that recently rocked Iglesia Filipina Independiente.​

Coat of arms of Iglesia Filipina Independiente
​

10 October:

In the Comintano capital Taal, Severino Taíño has reiterated before the local newspaper reporters that he's not yet ready to enter the provincial political scene as he insisted that he should finish his term as president of Academia Real de la Lengua Tagala (Royal Academy of Tagalog Language). In spite of that, the well-known political essayist and academician admitted that he had been offered party membership by the two national political parties (Nacionalistas and Progresistas), as well as by the regionalist political party Acción Comintana, and yet Taíño had routinely rejected such offers, saying that it could interfere with his work as president of the linguistic regulator of Tagalog language.​

11 October:

Timoteo Juan Aristeguí had confirmed before the members of the press that he was been offered to be part of the Caviteño provincial high court (Tribunal Suprema Provincial de Cavite) right after the verdict on the case of former Junta President Emilio Aguinaldo, but the judge honestly rejected the offer as he believed that more experience in the judiciary system should be needed before being appointed as one of the five judges of the provincial high court, not just a simple but sensationalist case like the Aguinaldo trials. Aristeguí also rejected the rumors that he's also been offered as one of the oídor[3] in the federal capital Manila, insisting that such offer never existed.​

NOTES:
[1] Upper-class and upper middle-class ladies.
[2] Colloquial demonym for a member of Iglesia Filipina Independiente.
[3] In both Philippine Spanish and Chavacano (as well as other Philippine languages), the judges of Audiencia Suprema de la Justicia.

 

[ramones1986]

Timeline of Events, 1898-1901: Independencia,entre victoria y tragedia (continuation)

1900​

15 October:

In the federal capital Manila, insiders within Junta Electoral Nacional confirmed that Florencio Intrencherado and Baldomero Aguinaldo came to their offices to register their political party Partido Patriotista Nacional (PPN). According to the same sources, Intrencherado and Aguinaldo registered themselves as the two main leaders of the party, effectively hiding the fact that the de facto leadership of PPN was under former Junta President Emilio Aguinaldo, now currently under house arrest in his mansion in the city of Cavite Viejo. Under the Law of Political Parties, no political parties should never include personalities with previous or current criminal records, especially in its executive committee.​

16 October:

Supreme Bishop Gregorio Aglipay of Iglesia Filipina Independiente told the members of the press that he would withdraw the apostolic letter in which he called the church members to vote for a single party and its candidates in both national and provincial levels in the next General Elections, which would be held next year. Aglipay said that he understood the sentiments of the majority of Aglipayans that their freedom of conscience and thought would be violated if the letter would be circulated across the country. Nevertheless, the Supreme Bishop heavily criticized the some junior bishops and their attitude, accusing them of exposing an "exclusively internal affair" of IFI to the global Anglican community, referring to their attempt to write a letter to the Archbishop of Canterbury. In the last few weeks, Aglipay's apostolic letter created an havoc among the members of Iglesia Filipina Independiente, to the point where Socialist leader Isabelo de los Reyes, who was an Aglipayan, held a serious talk with the Supreme Bishop the previous weekend.​

17 October:

In The Hague, Prime Minister Nicolaas Pierson and Colonies Minister Jacob Theodoor Cremer held a private meeting, in which they talked about the possibility of a treaty that could settle "once and for all" the jurisdiction of Halmahera island. Pierson insisted to Cremer that a treaty between Batavia and Ambón would definitely end the rumors of possible annexation to the self-governing Dutch colony of South Moluccas, especially from the radical nationalists. For his part, Cremer assured to the Prime Minister that he would write letters to the Governors-General of both Dutch East Indies (Willam Rooseboom) and South Moluccas (Cornelis Fock) "as soon as possible". Although the Ministry of Colonies has reiterated many times that the island of Halmahera belonged to Batavia, the lack of formal treaty perpetuated the rumors of possible annexation to neighboring South Moluccas.​

Nicolaas Pierson
Prime Minister, Kingdom of the Netherlands
​

18 October:

Junta President Mariano Trias had clarified before newspaper reporters and foreign correspondents that the upcoming General Elections next year was the last such elections under the old Basic Laws and the elected legislature would be under the current Philippine Constitution, whose effectivity would be confirmed right after the elections and the subsequent formation of the new Federal Congress (Congreso Federal). The Junta President admitted that a lot of Filipinos was quite misunderstood about the reason behind the purpose of the upcoming elections, so he called the state-owned news agency Agencia Telegrafica Nacional de Filipinas to distribute pamphlets explaining the connection between the next General Elections and the current Philippine Constitution across the country.​

19 October:

In response to the statement made by Junta President Mariano Trias before the local press and foreign correspondents in Palacio del Gobernador yesterday, the director-general of the state-owned news agency Agencia Telegrafica Nacional de Filipinas (ATNF) responded to the questions raised about their involvement in the pamphlets related to the upcoming General Elections next year. While confirming the agency's contribution in distributing the pamphlets across the archipelago, Basilio Teodoro Morán has calrified that the pamphlet was actually a collaboration between ATN, the National Printing Office (La Imprenta Nacional) and the the Junta General itself, and reiterated that the state-owned news agency would remain independent from any government intervention, especially in the field of print journalism.​