A painting depicting the seizure and hoisting of the home-made brigade flag of Hill 20 near Fayetteville, Arkansas by the
Delta Brigade, in the summer of 1917. The Delta Brigade was one of a series of small armed bands of once unarmed and unconscripted African American men living in the Confederate States of America who chose to defect to the United States in the final stages of the
Great War. Despite not officially being integrated into the American command structure, the Brigades fought valiantly to take key Confederate strategic positions behind the rapidly collapsing lines. By seizing key choke points in the Ozarks, the Delta Brigade allowed American troops safer passage through to occupy rest of Arkansas. It was thanks to some of these brave heroes that places like Arkansas and Tennessee, despite being part of the front lines in the Great War, were spared from most of the utter chaos and bloodshed that marked the final conclusion of the Confederacy in the Deep South.
A depreciation of a burning church for African American Baptists somewhere in the Mississippi Delta Valley, being sacked by Rejuvinator paramilitaries in the summer of 1917. Confederate President Woodrow Wilson and his supporters in the Confederate Congress were overthrown and imprisoned by a coalition of radical military officers and far right poltical agitators known as the Rejuvinators in April 1917. Radicalized by five years of the Great War, the
Rejuvinators decided the only way to win the war and save the country from Yankee occupation was to clamp down on potential Black fifth columnists and be even more liberal with chemical weapon usage, actions that Wilson and other members of the reformist war cabinet were somewhat squeamish about up until the coup. Rejuvinator white paramilitaries formed across the Deep South throughout the summer, launching raids and sacking impoverished Black towns. Known as the
Summer of Death, just over 76,000 Black civilians were killed in government sanctioned destruction and terror efforts. Further senseless slaughter was only saved by the total Confederate collapse in late summer and fall 1917, as a three-way mini civil war was fought between
Loyalists based in the Upper South, Alabama, and Florida , Rejuvinators in the Deep South with their headquarters in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, and Black freedom fighters based in Black majority areas. The Great War in North America ended with the surrender of Loyalist forces to Philadelphia in November 1917, and the final reunification of North and South (this occurred two months after the
Armistice of Verdun ending the war between the Coalition and the Continental System in Europe).
The great historical irony is that the Untied States didn’t truly desire to integrate the entire Confederacy as a peace condition after the Great War, believing such a idealistic project would be nightmarish to try and make work after decades of cultural and political division. Their hand was only forced when the entire Confederacy simply began to eat itself alive. It was better to try and reforge North and South together into a better future, instead of allowing either a lawless anarchy or a radical millitaristic regime to formulate next door.
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Both painted works shown were painted by
Elijah Carter (1900-1983), an African American veteran of the Delta Brigade. After the final collapse of the Confederate States and the beginning of
Reconstruction, Carter moved to
Centralia, Dakota. Once there, Carter worked his way up into owning a homestead, taking up painting as a side hobby. His numerous works depicting life in the South during his formative years in the Great War Era were well received, even being given an exhibition in the Chicago Institute of Art in 1979.