For the record, that wouldn't have been a "stance against religion", but one in favour of the separation of church and state. But even then, as already pointed out, it would have been a nonstarter with the Supreme Court.
Just because the Entente wins an earlier victory doesn't mean Turkey will accept dismemberment. Once Germany, Austria-Hungary and, presumably, Bulgaria, have signed a ceasefire of one sort or another, Turkey will simply continue the fight on its own as it did in OTL, probably after a coup...
There wouldn't have been one. Republicans have been very clear about the fact that they don't consider health care to be a right. You can pay? Fine. You can't? Sucks to be you.
The Tea Party was never fiscally focused. It was an astroturf movement designed to fire up the radical wing of the GOP and, in hindsight, turned out to be a test run for Trumpism.
This does look strategically more sensible. Why attack the Westwall head-on when it can be bypassed? Sure the logistics of a large-scale transfer of the French forces are going to be a headache, but they have the entire winter to make it work.
The economic policy of South Korea and Singapore can be called a lot of things, but "hands-off" isn't one of them. Pro-business? Definitely. Laissez-faire? A lot less so.
I fail to see why countries getting exploited by a foreign power for even longer would improve their economic prospects...