Holding Out for a Hero: Gustav Stresemann Survives

Faeelin

Banned
(As a counterpoint to the idea that his survival wouldn't make a difference, with one additional tweak. And because I really like this song.)

Where have all the good men gone
And where are all the gods?
Where's the street-wise Hercules
To fight the rising odds?
-Holding Out for a Hero

One of the irony’s of the 1920s is that the Franco-German detente of 1926 had its origins in French fears of suffering from hyperinflation only a few years after the Germans. Like Germany, France suffered from a budget deficit through 1925 and 1926, weakening the value of the franc. To cover the deficit, the French had been printing more money without keeping an adequate supply of gold on hand, and when news of this leaked out there was a run on the banks. Attempts to balance the budget in 1925 and 1926 proved ineffective, and this merely increased political instability, which merely exacerbated the problem. [1] By March of 1926, there was a very real fear that France would face the same problems as Germany only a few years before. Yet this crisis, ironically, was averted by Germany….

Gustav Stresemann and Aristide Briand met in the small town of Thoiry, in the French Alps. As the creators of the Locarno Treaties, they were ably suited to work together on an ambitious proposal to establish a “general settlement” for Franco-German relations. France, along with Britain, would evacuate the Rhineland and the Saar would be restored to Germany. In return, it was agreed that Germany would pay an advance on reparations in the total of three hundred million gold marks, along with receiving the profits from the shale of bonds worth one and a half billion marks. When this was presented to the French National Assembly in October of 1926, there was outspoken opposition; but when President Poincare agreed with the proposal it soon went forward. The loans were rapidly bought up by American and British investors over the next several months, and the Allied troops withdrew from the Rhine over the course of 1927 and 1928.

Stresemann and the Weimar Coalition were lambasted for those on the right for paying “German gold for German land.” Yet as Stresemann responded, “One should not worry about the methods so long as one is moving forward. For in the end success decides which methods are right. Do no doubt the goal of our foreign policy: German freedom and German greatness.”

Perhaps the true significance of the Thoiry agreement was that it marked the first instance of peaceful treaty revision. Stresemann’s policy of cooperating with the Allies, and France in particular, proved enormously successful; and buoyed by his success, the Republic of Germany seemed to have finally emerged from the postwar troubles….

[1] In OTL, the French under Poincaré were able to end the France’s decline by balancing the budget and raising indirect taxes on luxury goods; ATL they do slightly worse.
 

Faeelin

Banned
A brief update, to set the stage for what is to come.

1927 and 1928 were the golden years for Stresemann, in some ways. A winner of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1927, along with Briand and Chamberlain, his position at home was firmly secured by his success at “turning Thoiry into practice.”[1] Stesemann helped mediate a dispute between Poland and Lithuania, and sooth Anglo-Soviet tensions. 1927 also witnessed the signing of a comprehensive trade agreement between Germany and France, and spent much of 1928 campaigning for the German People’s Party, who won seats at the expense of the rightist German National People’s Party [2]. 1928 also saw Stresemann sign the Kellog-Brian Pact for Germany, “renouncing war as an instrument of national policy.” For a few brief glorious years it seemed Europe’s troubles were over.

Unfortunately, it was already obvious that Germany’s economy was in trouble. Industrial growth stagnated in 1928, and even Stresemann recognized that Germany was “dancing on a volcano.” As the American stock market collapsed in 1929, Germany fell in.

scan0002dx6.jpg


German political cartoon. The German hero Arminius tells Hugenberg and his Nazi allies, "Sheathe your swords, geneltmen; I see that my method is obsolete. Stresemann will achieve liberation faster and better by peaceful means!"

[1] I’m sorry.

[2] Stresemann’s policy of peaceful revision has clearly succeeded, to some extent. So I figure the German Nationals (DNVP) do worse.
 
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Faeelin

Banned
Berlin, 1959

Ryan Stroik knocked at the door of a house, and waited patiently for some one to answer it. A petite brunette answered the door, and answered in French accented German, “Good afternoon, Herr-“

“Stroik, mademoiselle. I have an appointment with Mr. Stresemann.” The woman looked back at him, as if to say, “And so?” He cleared his throat and spoke again. “I’m with the Associated Press. I was hoping to speak with him about just happened twenty years ago in Madrid.”

The Frenchwoman nodded. “Of course. Please come with me,” she said, and proceeded to lead Stroik through the house. Stroik noted the house’s décor made it feel more like the house of a professor than a great statesman. Bookshelves were everywhere, along with busts of great leaders, painters, and, in a place of honor, Stresemann’s Nobel Peace Prize. Stroik followed the maid into a garden, where Stresemann sat in a wheelchair and was reading a book.

“Good afternoon,” he said genially as he put the book down. “I don’t suppose you’ve read anything by Winston Churchill, have you?”

Stroik shook his head. “The reporter?” he asked. “His articles, I suppose, but that’s it.”

Stresemann smiled and shook his head. “I’m not surprised.” Stresemann looked at the book and shook his heads. “He had a flair for words, you know. A great speaker and writer.” His eyes became distant for a moment, as if he was trying to recollect something. “I can’t recall,” he said at last, “if I ever met him.”

Stroik sat in his chair, surprised at Stresemann’s health. The old man’s flesh hung loosely from his body, and his skin was pale. Stroik had heard Stresemann was dying, but seeing and hearing was something else entirely.
Stresemann noticed Stroik’s look, and laughed. “Let’s see how you look when you’re my age,” he said. Stresemann closed his eyes for a moment, and said, “anyway, you wanted to talk about the birth of the European Union, right?”

Stresemann smiled, and thought for a moment. “I always recognized that France and Germany would need to come together, you know. Even during the Great War, although nobody in France agreed!” he said with a laugh. “But really, the idea first took place in June of 1929, when I met Briand in Madrid.”


Madrid, June 1929

Gustav Stresemann took a sip of ice water, and leaned back in his chair. The French foreign minister, Aristide Briand, sat across from him and smiled ruefully. “I can see why the Spanish sleep during the afternoon,” he said.

Stresemann shrugged. “The work still has to get done,” he said. “If people didn’t work because it was hard, where would we be?” He looked out onto the empty streets of Madrid and frowned. “The Dawes Plan,” he said after a moment, “will pass in the Reichstag. But what then?” [1]

Briand took a sip of the dry Spanish wine and thought for a moment. “What do you mean?” he asked. “You have the Saar back, and France has withdrawn from the Rhineland.” He put his glass down. “Would you throw it away for Austria?”

Stresemann shook his head. “I wouldn’t. But I’m not the only one in Germany.” He paused, and watched a car drive down the city’s street. It was a Mercedes, he noticed with satisfaction. “Hugenberg and his boys continue to be a threat, and I’m worried about the National Socialists.”

“Those rabble?” Briand asked. “How dangerous could they be?”

Stresemann sighed for a moment. “Ask Rathenau. [2] Hitler stirs up the people in the streets, preaching revolution combined with nationalism. A dangerous combination.” He looked at the wine glass in his hand. “And Hindenburg, while a good man, worries me. He listens to whoever’s closest.” [3]

Briand nodded sympathetically. “They’re a nuisance, but they will never truly threaten Germany, will they?” he asked.

Stresemann hesitated for a moment, and cut to the point. “Germany,” he said, “cannot be a second-rate power for much longer. Regardless,” he added, “who is in power. The Nazis and Nationalists feed off of unrest at this fact.” Briand blinked as Stresemann continued. “Yet at the same time, another war would be devastating. Germany does not want war. It wants to be an equal member of the European community.” He plunged on in this theme. “Meanwhile, the Americans exert their influence across the world, a nation the size of a continent. Russia stretches from the Baltic to the Pacific. Britain rules a quarter of the world. It’s like we’re Germany before unification, and they’re the great powers.”

Briand nodded, warming to the theme. “I’ve been thinking along similar lines,” he said. “We need to ensure that war will never come to Europe again.” He hesitated, and plunged on. “We must pursue the consolidation of Europe.”

Berlin, 1959

Stroik looked up from his notes. “I’m surprised. So it was at Madrid that you first mentioned Germany wanted to rearm?”

“Of course,” replied Stresemann. “Briand recognized the need for it; out military was still smaller than France’s. We just wanted a sufficient force to defend Prussia.”

Stroik looked down at his notes for a moment. “Briand disagreed, and says that German rearmament was a bitter disappointment.”

Stresemann scowled.“Feh!” he said. “He pandered to the presses back home, but even had to recognize that with the failure of dearmament talks Germany needed some forces.”

“Anyway,” Stresemann continued, “the breakthrough came at Geneva, in September.”

Geneva, September 1929

Briand looked out over the delegates from around the world and noticed their looks. Briand looked intrigued with what he had to say, while the British ambassador looked skeptical. The Japanese delegate seemed frankly bored, but who cared? This had nothing to do with him. “Minister Briand,” said, “surprised all of us yesterday [4] with his speech on the future of Europe. It is a crazy idea,” he acknowledged, “yet all great ideas seem crazy first. It would bind, as he said, the peoples of Europe together, and remove the cause for war from this continent.”

He continued speaking in the same vein for a considerable period of time. “Look at the fragmentation of the European economy,” he said. “One can only laugh at the barriers to trade between our nations. Disputes over tariffs on champagne or toys, while the Americans close their markets to us. Meanwhile, the Versailles treaty has hindered the European economy by creating new barriers to trade. We need to look,” he said, “towards the future. Where is the European currency, or the European postage stamp? Any steps towards rationalizing Europe’s economy is a step that should, and must, be taken.”

Stresemann continued speaking, and paused for a moment. “We will not build a united Europe today. We may not build it for several decades. But it will come, for it must come.” He paused, and added, “Thank you.” As he stepped down from the podium, the delegates broke out in applause.

Berlin, 1959

Stroik frowned. “Europe still doesn’t have a common currency,” he pointed out. “And the customs union only went into effect last year, after much wailing and gnashing of teeth.”

Stresemann nodded slowly. “True”, he added. “No one would said it would be easy.”

“But we took the first steps in those years, when there was so much at stake.” He smiled wryly. “And I would say we succeeded, wouldn’t you?”

[1] The Dawes Plan was the last in a series of agreements regarding German reparations. It basically reduced the amount Germany had to pay while stretching it over a longer period of time. Signing the agreement at all was opposed by the German National People’s Party, the Nazis, and others.

[2] Walter Rathenau was an industrialist who served as the Weimar Republic’s foreign minister in its early years, and was assassinated by those on the right.

[3] Stresemann’s OTL views of the Nazis, more or less. He also had a pretty good relationship with Briand, so.

[4] Briand surprised everyone at the assembly by proposing a European Union. Well, somewhat surprising. He’d been making noises about it for a while, but no one expected a concrete speech.

Stresemann OTL gave this speech four days after Briand due to ill health. In the ATL his health is considerably better, however.
 

Faeelin

Banned
I kind of earlier European Union? Interesting...
Churchill's fate sounds interesting, too... a famous reporter?

At some point. Note that Stresemann's speech is his OTL one, given shortly before he died.

Churchill is still a significant factor in British politics, but it's not like he's the first American reporter to not understand the nuances of nations that aren't the US.

I look forward to seeing how all of this ends up.

For best effect, save him and Sun Yat-sen. The resultant happiness would make for a dull timeline, though.
 
Dull but content?

Sun Yat Sen and Stresseman. Are you trying for the "Shiny Happy 1940s"? I have come across mention of Stresseman in a few timelines over the last couple of years. Must dig out my 20 something year old "A" level history notes. Very engaging writing. Like a number of Posters am enjoying a lot.
 
Interesting so far. Although surely Churchill would have been well-known to Stresemann and everyone else, as a major political figure (Chancellor of the Exchequer 1924-29, among others) - any fame he gains as a journalist would surely augment rather than replace his previous reputation? When is the POD?

Also, can I make a suggestion? You could write dialogue with much less stage direction. Instead of
troik looked up from his notes. “I’m surprised. So it was at Madrid that you first mentioned Germany wanted to rearm?”

“Of course,” replied Stresemann. “Briand recognized the need for it; out military was still smaller than France’s. We just wanted a sufficient force to defend Prussia.”

Stroik looked down at his notes for a moment. “Briand disagreed, and says that German rearmament was a bitter disappointment.”

Stresemann scowled.“Feh!” he said. “He pandered to the presses back home, but even had to recognize that with the failure of dearmament talks Germany needed some forces.”

“Anyway,” Stresemann continued, “the breakthrough came at Geneva, in September.”
You could write
Stroik looked up from his notes. “I’m surprised. So it was at Madrid that you first mentioned Germany wanted to rearm?”

“Of course. Briand recognized the need for it; out military was still smaller than France’s. We just wanted a sufficient force to defend Prussia.”

“Briand disagreed, and says that German rearmament was a bitter disappointment", countered Stroik, after another glance at his notes.

Stresemann scowled. “Feh! He pandered to the press back home, but even he had to recognize that with the failure of disarmament talks Germany needed some forces.”

“Anyway,” Stresemann continued, “the breakthrough came at Geneva, in September.”

More changes could be made, of course, it's just a first draft. Just remember the golden rule of writing - eliminate unnecessary words. Dialogue flows much more easily if it is sparsely described. Just so long as you have enough to detail how it is said and who is saying it.
 

Faeelin

Banned
Interesting so far. Although surely Churchill would have been well-known to Stresemann and everyone else, as a major political figure (Chancellor of the Exchequer 1924-29, among others) - any fame he gains as a journalist would surely augment rather than replace his previous reputation? When is the POD?

1927; the French economy does worse, so Poincare and Briand end up agreeing to Thoiry instead of ultimately deciding it was a bad idea. (There's a secondary POD, in that Stresemann's health is better as well).

Also, can I make a suggestion? You could write dialogue with much less stage direction. Instead of You could write

Hmm. I used to write more like that, but was actually advised not to. Nevertheless, I shall try.

Do people prefer this over the "and such and such happened" way of describing things?
 
Hmm. I used to write more like that, but was actually advised not to. Nevertheless, I shall try.

Do people prefer this over the "and such and such happened" way of describing things?
Yeah, it's that Whole, Show don't Tell, Kinda Thing ...

Besides, it REALLY Puts One in The Moment, Gives The Reader a Stake in The Action ...

Also I Just Love The Back and Forth Reminiscences, it Makes The Story Seem so Fluid!
 
Hmm. I used to write more like that, but was actually advised not to. Nevertheless, I shall try.

Do people prefer this over the "and such and such happened" way of describing things?
I prefer the way you have been writing so far.

An interesting one, certainly - Streseman was probably one of very few people who could have held Weimar Germany together. Another POD would be Wilhelm Marx becoming President in '25 - but of course, that's a different story.
 
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